A measurement to driving situation awareness in signalized intersections

Drivers get involved easily in Left-Turn Across Path with Opposite Direction Traffic (LTAP-OD) conflicts at signalized intersection with unprotected left-turn phasing. This study classified the left-turn drivers’ performance into four types: (1) the correct acceptance of safe lags/gaps, (2) the correct rejection of dangerous lags/gaps, (3) the false rejection of safe lags/gaps and (4) the false acceptance of dangerous lags/gaps. Based on the high mounted video camera data, the logistic regression model was used to obtain the critical gaps for estimating whether the lags/gaps were safe or not. The results show that the cognition behavior of the left-turn drivers should be improved while the gap/lag is drawn near the critical gap. Furthermore, the conservative drivers are more likely to reject the larger lags/gaps and yield the right-of-way to the opposing vehicles. Simultaneously the poor response execution may cause drivers to have difficulties during the turning performance when the lags/gaps are large enough. These results could be used as the basis for a discussion of the right time to support the drivers.     

Integrated evasive manoeuvre assist for collision mitigation with oncoming vehicles

Development and deployment of steering based collision avoidance systems are made difficult due to the complexity of dealing with oncoming vehicles during the evasive manoeuvre. A method to mitigate the collision risk with oncoming vehicles during such manoeuvres is presented in this work. A point mass analysis of such a scenario is first done to determine the importance of speed for mitigating the collision risk with the oncoming vehicle. A characteristic parameter was identified, which correlates well with the need to increase or decrease speed, in order to reduce the collision risk. This finding was then verified in experiments using a Volvo XC90 test vehicle. A closed-loop longitudinal acceleration controller for collision mitigation with oncoming vehicles is then presented. The longitudinal control is combined with yaw stability control using control allocation to form an integrated controller. Simulations in CarMaker using a validated XC90 vehicle model and the proposed controller showed consistent reductions in the collision risk with the oncoming vehicle.     

城区高速公路扩建工程中央分隔带护栏研究

以水官高速公路扩建工程中央分隔带护栏改造设计为例,采用理论分析和方案对比相结合的方式,对城区高速公路扩建工程中央分隔带护栏防撞等级确定及型式选择方法进行研究。结果表明:中央分隔带护栏改造设计应结合规范要求和项目实际需求,分别确定路基段、桥梁段护栏防撞等级;应从景观效果、经济性、养护难度、绿化空间等多方面进行比选,确定最优的护栏型式。     

我国当代社会的传播失衡

随着社会文化分化的不断加剧，我国当代社会的传播分化问题凸现出来。传播分化引起传播冲突，传播冲突的直接结果是传播的非均衡发展，也就是传播失衡。对于这些问题，传播学理论研究尚未给予充分的关注。本文拟就传播冲突的基本特征、传播失衡的表现形态，以及传播失衡的负面影响等问题进行理论分析和探讨。本文研究认为。传播失衡的表现形态主要体现在地城层面的传播“倒流效应（backwasheffect）”、社会群体层面的传播对立、媒介内部层面的结构失衡以及管理层面的市场力量和国家控制的深层矛盾等方面。     

单线列车运行调整的最早冲突优化方法

针对单线铁路列车运行调整问题的特点,建立单线列车运行调整的数学模型,提出最早冲突优化方法。该方法首先生成松弛运行调整计划,再对松弛计划中的冲突逐一选择最早冲突优先化解,松弛计划中的全部冲突得以序列化化解后获得阶段计划。最早冲突优化方法克服了组合化解冲突产生的巨大方案数,具有较高的运行效率。实例证明最早冲突优化方法生成的阶段计划质量高、运算快,完全能满足行车调度的实时性要求。     

应急用锚调整艏向和制动

通过正反两个实例、两种结果，说明在进出港航道中突发船舶失控时为避免继发其他严重事故，船长应当机立断采取最佳行动。     

无控制交叉口冲突次数的计算方法

本文用概率的方法,就无控制交叉口的冲突进行了研究,提出了冲突次数的计算公式并进行了讨论。     

基于C/S模式的“船舶避碰行为调查”系统设计

海上避碰实践很大程度上受到人的决策行为的影响,在传统船舶避碰行为调查方法的基础上,基于VC＋＋软件平台,采用C/S网络模式,结合虚拟现实技术开发了避碰行为调查系统。与传统发送纸质问卷的调查方法相比,该系统提高了调查的时效性和准确性。     

Model predictive control with constraints for a nonlinear adaptive cruise control vehicle model in transition manoeuvres

A vehicle following control law, based on the model predictive control method, to perform transition manoeuvres (TMs) for a nonlinear adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicle is presented in this paper. The TM controller ultimately establishes a steady-state following distance behind a preceding vehicle to avoid collision, keeping account of acceleration limits, safe distance, and state constraints. The vehicle dynamics model is for continuous-time domain and captures the real dynamics of the sub-vehicle models for steady-state and transient operations. The ACC vehicle can execute the TM successfully and achieves a steady-state in the presence of complex dynamics within the constraint boundaries.     

基于交通冲突技术的行人安全分析与改善

从研究行人安全的角度出发,简要介绍了行人交通冲突技术及冲突成因,通过实例调查分析,探讨了交叉口信号配时对行人安全的影响以及闯红灯人数与行人冲突的关系,建立了行人绿信比与闯红灯比例、行人绿灯时转弯车与行人冲突数的关系模型,分析了行人冲突特性,用一种潜在事故指标表征行人安全.最后,针对存在的问题提出了相应的行人安全改善措施,并对3种冲突改善措施的效果进行了对比,得出相关结论.