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91.
R. Fortunier J.B. Leblond J.M Bergheau . ENSM-SE centre SMS cours Fauriel - St-Etienne cedex France . LMM UMR /CNRS/Université Paris VI Tour case place Jussieu Paris cedex France . LTDS UMIR CNRS/E 《上海交通大学学报(英文版)》2000,(1)
IntroductionltiswellknownthatmetallmpicalstrUcforeofsteelsandheattransferarefullycouPled.PhasechangesdependontemPertheeevoluton,whereastemPertheeisinfluencedbycontrastsofmaterialcharacteristicsbetWeenphasesandlatenheateffects.AlotofworkhasbeenpefformedonthssubeCt,andclassicalmodelsarenowwidelyimPlementedintofiniteelementcomPutercodes[l][2][31[4][5][61.Thesemodelsaregenerallybasedonf.AVramityPekinetics[7][8]l9]Whnthephasechangeisgovernedbydiffusion,.TheKoistinen-Marburgerlaw[l0]fOrmfornsi… 相似文献
92.
针对太原市社会、经济、交通现状提出发展可持续交通的思想,并从交通管理体制、制定交通规划以及具体措施几个方面提出相应的策略以求交通发展能满足当代人和后代的交通需求,实现与资源、环境的协调发展。 相似文献
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Hartmut H. Topp 《Transportation》1991,18(1):3-21
This article deals with highly motorized large West German cities of about 200,000 inhabitants and more, which usually provide reasonable public transport systems. Illegal parking with shares of about 40 to 50% of the total parking is widespread in the parking problem areas of those cities, especially in the inner-city residential and mixed-use areas. Parking spaces are demanded by residents, employees, customers and visitors, and by delivery and service traffic. The different characteristics of parking demands by different user groups are discussed. The total parking supply consists of public and private spaces. The share of private spaces is about 40 to 50% of the total parking spaces in German cities. The amount of car traffic generated by a parking space depends on parking duration and parking turnover, as well as on search traffic. So the change of a space from long-duration use of an employee to short-duration of customers — as often discussed in parking concepts — generates at least five-fold car traffic. The measurements and effects of parking control of public spaces as well as the parking regulations in zoning ordinances, restrictions on the construction of new private parking spaces and park-and-ride are discussed. Finally, a parking concept methodology — using the example of Frankfurt am Main — is discussed. 相似文献
95.
针对新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情防控中应急医疗物资调度不尽合理、集配中心中转效率不够高等问题,重新设计了重大突发公共卫生事件下城市应急医疗物资调度与配送体系,并给出了应急医疗物资的分类方法。从医疗物资使用需求和库存估计可使用时间2个维度构建需求点紧急度指标,考虑突发公共卫生事件特征,以加权的需求满足率最大化为主要目标、车辆行驶距离最小化为次要目标,构建应急医疗物资动态分配模型,并通过算例验证了模型的有效性和可行性。结果表明:所构建的模型能够兼顾医疗物资分配的公平和效率,符合突发公共卫生事件中应急医疗物资供给和需求的动态变化特性,确保在物资短时间供给不足的情况下各需求点也能公平获取一定比例的物资;且模型仅要求各需求点上报各种品类医疗物资的使用人数和库存量,同时模型还给出数据缺失时的自动计算办法,可操作性更强;运用紧急度指标对需求满足率最大化目标进行校正,解决了各需求点因需求量差异对公平分配造成的影响,使得应急医疗物资分配更加合理。研究成果结合了新冠肺炎疫情防控中应急医疗物资调度的具体过程,使得分配模型更符合实际需要,可为城市应急医疗物资优化调度提供决策依据。 相似文献
96.
Modelling nutrient fluxes from sub-arctic basins: Comparison of pristine vs. dammed rivers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Agata Sferratore Gilles Billen Josette Garnier Erik Smedberg Christoph Humborg Lars Rahm 《Journal of Marine Systems》2008,73(3-4):236
The deterministic Riverstrahler model of river functioning is applied for the first time to sub-arctic catchments. Seasonal nutrient (N, P, Si) deliveries to the coastal zone are simulated, and nutrient annual fluxes are established for the nearly pristine river Kalix (hereafter called Kalixälven) and the heavily dammed river Lule, (hereafter called Luleälven) both located in Northern Sweden and draining into the Bothnian Bay, Baltic Sea.For Kalixälven simulations are performed with a runoff calculated from precipitation, evapo-transpiration and temperature data for the period 1990–1999, using a hydrological model calibrated on observed monthly discharges at the river outlet. The same hydrological parameters are used to calculate specific runoff for the Luleälven basin in absence of dam regulation. Reservoir filling and emptying are simulated using a simplified representation of their management rules. Diffuse sources of nutrient are evaluated according to land cover of the catchment. The simulated seasonal trends are within the range of the observed data, in particular for discharge, dissolved silica, total phosphorus, inorganic nitrogen and total organic carbon. Specific runoff is 50% higher in the Luleälven than in the Kalixälven watershed due to higher altitudes and precipitations. Average silica, nitrate and phosphorus concentrations are much lower in Luleälven than in Kalixälven. Comparison of model results for the Luleälven with and without dams shows a reduction of respectively 25% and 30% in silica and phosphorus fluxes delivered at the outlet, while nitrogen delivery is increased by 10% in the dammed vs. undammed river system. The model allows assessing the respective role of reservoir trapping of nutrient in the reservoir through algal uptake and sedimentation, and of changes in the vegetation induced by flooding the valley formerly covered by forests and wetlands. 相似文献
97.
This paper examines the optimal containership schedule with transit-time-sensitive demand that is assumed to be a decreasing continuous function of transit time. A mixed-integer nonlinear non-convex optimization model is first formulated to maximize the total profit of a ship route. In view of the problem structure, a branch-and-bound based holistic solution method is developed. It is rigorously demonstrated that this solution method can obtain an ε-optimal solution in a finite number of iterations for general forms of transit-time-sensitive demand. Computational results based on a trans-Pacific liner ship route demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the solution method. 相似文献
98.
基于随机需求的多频次道路货运调度模型及算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以道路货物运输为研究对象,采用多频次调度方法对随机需求的道路货运调度问题进行研究,给出了基于随机需求的多频次调度模型及求解模型的微粒群算法,同时通过算例验证了该模型的可行性。 相似文献
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