氮氧化物选择性催化还原技术试验研究

设计了一套NOx选择性催化还原试验装置,介绍了试验装置的功能、系统组成和工作模式,建立了柴油机NOx排放预测模型,分析了NOx起燃特性和最佳还原剂喷射比例,进行了NOx选择性催化还原技术整车试验。     

纯电动汽车经济性驾驶的影响因素及应用

我国新能源汽车技术路线是以纯电驱动为主,随着纯电动汽车保有量的增加,降低其行驶能耗既符合国家节能 减排的战略,又能改善用户的用车体验。基于某纯电动SUV车型的实际道路驾驶数据,通过相关性和降维分析得到加速 度的方差是影响能耗的最关键因素;进而采用一维模型仿真,研究匀速、加减速和坡道3种典型工况下能耗的形成机理 和优化方向,得到平衡能耗与行驶时长的经济性驾驶原则,如高速巡航时应适当降低车速,市区拥堵时控制加速度变化 幅度,上下坡时利用车辆惯性,减少制动能量回收。     

节能减排汽车驾驶技术浅析

驾驶员的驾驶技术和责任心会直接影响最终的油耗,驾驶节油的关键在于看驾驶人员是否按照车辆运行要求,采用相应的驾驶操作,使人车之间合理搭配保持车辆最佳运行状态,驾驶员的驾驶技术和驾驶习惯会对节油产生非常大的影响,因此,在日常行车过程中,驾驶员需要逐渐提升自身的驾驶水平,时刻牢记驾车注意事项,这样才能达到最终的节约目标.     

港口节能减排与运作和管理要求的协调

港口的节能减排与一些港口运作和管理要求之间可能存在矛盾,本文介绍有关问题及协调解决相关问题的方法.     

11 000 dwt滚装船货舱通风系统的噪声控制

论述了11 000 dwt滚装船货舱通风系统技术设计及施工设计过程中如何控制货舱噪声的问题,以及针对这些问题所采取的相应措施及方法。     

废旧橡胶低噪声沥青路面的应用性研究

为降低市政道路行车噪声,促进废旧轮胎资源化利用,本课题将废旧轮胎橡胶粉应用于铺筑低噪声沥青路面。研究了废橡胶粉干法改性沥青混合料组成设计方法、路用性能、降噪机理以及施工关键技术,并形成了低噪声路面示范工程。     

高大加筋土挡墙的安全性分析

结合重庆某滨江路高大加筋土挡墙的现场观测，应用改进的有限元计算方法和强度折减理论对高大加筋土结构的安全性进行评估分析。通过与简化Bishop法进行比较．两者结果比较相近。与其他工程事故资料对比，改进的有限元计算方法计算的滑动面位置更接近实际。有限元强度折减法优点是既能获得墙面变形，又能获得整体稳定安全系数，但安全判断的依据有待进一步分析研究。     

直线型GPS偏心观测法

GPS定位技术具有全天候、高效率、高精度且GPS点间无需通视、作用距离远等特点,在控制点无法架设GPS观测时,可采用偏心观测。介绍了从实用角度出发,在高精度GPS偏心观测中归心元素的测定方法,并介绍了其应用与其分析。     

Application of a validated primary production model (BLOOM) as a screening tool for marine, coastal and transitional waters

In order to manage aquatic systems, it is necessary to apply methods relating the environmental variables and system-state parameters with external factors that affect the system. External factors can be natural (i.e. the movement of water) or partly-anthropogenic (i.e. nutrient loads). In addition to the national authorities, who have been implementing environmental policies for several decades, the EU is presently implementing the Water Framework Directive (WFD) aimed at establishing a new set of standards for the ecological and water quality of water systems. Among these are the phytoplankton biomass and composition. Phytoplankton affects turbidity, oxygen depletion, total productivity of the system and the occurrence of (harmful) algal blooms. A range of methods is available to relate phytoplankton to the controlling environmental conditions. Among these are statistical relations for instance of the Vollenweider type as well as deterministic simulation models. At the end of the 1970s, a generic deterministic phytoplankton module called BLOOM was developed, which has since been applied to a wide range of fresh water and marine systems. Here we test the applicability of this model as a screening tool for coastal waters. We conclude that the model is able to reproduce observed chlorophyll levels adequately under a wide range of conditions. Subsequently the model is applied to demonstrate the potential impacts of reductions in nitrogen, phosphorus or both nutrients simultaneously. Depending on which factors are initially controlling, the impacts of these reductions vary considerably both between locations and during the season. While this type of application lacks explicit relations between nutrient concentrations and external loadings, it does consider a number of relevant conditions in a consistent way and requires remarkably little data and effort. It is therefore a valuable screening tool.     

超细长三体船阻力计算研究

主船体为超细长体,两侧配置两个小侧体而形成的三体船是一种很有潜力的新船型,近年来已引起了广泛的关注。本文对三体船的阻力原理进行了分析,以“相当平板”假设为基础计算摩擦阻力,采用“1＋k”的方法计算形状阻力;采用线性兴波阻力理论建立三体船的兴波阻力计算方法,提出了一套计算三体船阻力的完整方法。经与船模试验结果比较,采用本方法预报三体船的阻力,Cw的计算结果可以定性地反映侧体布置位置对三体船兴波阻力的影响,计算结果比较接近实际情况,具有一定的可靠性,可用于该船型的阻力预报。