水位变化对临河基坑边坡稳定性的影响

渗流作用对临河基坑边坡稳定性有较大影响,对工程设计及施工有重要的指导意义。为深入研究河水渗流对基坑边坡稳定性的影响,针对湖南省某扩建二线船闸基坑边坡,利用有限元数值仿真技术,采用渗流与强度折减法相结合的方法,获取不同水位下该基坑边坡的孔隙水压力分布特征,分析河水位变化对边坡应力、位移的影响,探讨边坡安全系数的演变规律。结果表明:河水位的升降仅对一级坡有较为明显的影响,随着河水水位的上升,边坡安全系数在逐渐减小,但水位在37～45 m时安全系数均大于规范要求值。     

某型扫雷舰主机基座阻尼结构优化研究

采用理论计算和试验相结合方法,进行基本钢结构不同阻尼处理形式的减振效果分析,通过基座阻尼结构的优化研究和基座模型阻尼结构的试验研究,选择综合效果好的阻尼结构形式。对其他动力设备基座的阻尼结构优化设计具有较好的借鉴作用。     

Green port project scheduling with comprehensive efficiency consideration

ABSTRACT

Ports are an important driving force for world economic growth, but they consume considerable energy. The marine sector has proposed the development of green ports to achieve low-carbon sustainable development. This paper presents a green project scheduling model of port construction to optimize comprehensive economic and environmental efficiency. Various realistic constraints are considered, including investment scale, energy savings, emissions reduction, and project priority. Comprehensive efficiency involves cost reduction, energy savings, emissions reduction, and other efficiency goals. The problem is formulated as an integer program and is solved using CPLEX in a general algebraic modeling system (GAMS). We use a representative port in China as a case port in solving its green project scheduling. The results show that the port can save 6,527 tons of standard coal, reduce 40,875 tons of CO₂, and save 49 million yuan per year in the five-year implementation period. The payback in investing in these green projects is less than six years. From an economic and environmental perspective, the comprehensive efficiency achieved is significant.     

A study of locomotive driver's seat vertical suspension system with adjustable damper

This paper shows that laboratory measurements can be used for the identification of structure and parameters of commercial seat vertical suspension system model. A commonly used single-degree-of-freedom suspension model does not suffice. The system model presented is based on Zener's structure and clearly describes the dynamic properties of a vertical seat suspension with an adjustable damper. The model introduced, augmented with seat cushion dynamic model, predicts the seat vertical vibration mitigation properties under field conditions with a reasonable accuracy. Optimisation of the adjustable damper setting is performed using a two-objective function optimisation technique. This enables us to optimise not only the exerted vertical vibration acceleration but also the seat relative vertical displacement (stroke). Optimisation was facilitated for the particular suspended seat without the requirement of further field measurements. In addition, a two-parameter optimisation was performed showing possible further improvement in both objectives at the manufacturer's discretion. This study could be representative of driver's seats equipped with vertical seat suspension system using an air-spring and an adjustable damper.     

bZ3纯电动轿车的空气动力性能开发

作为比亚迪丰田电动车科技有限公司第1款纯电动轿车,bZ3的能耗要求极高,也给空气动力学性能开发带来了很大的挑战。为实现这一目标,通过采用计算流体力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD）仿真和风洞试验相结合的方法,对车身造型、车底、前舱进气管理、车轮、密封等部位进行了持续的优化验证。最终bZ3在风洞中进行实车试验验收,空气阻力系数达到0.218,在同级别车型中处于领先水平。通过两种不同仿真方法对比研究发现格子玻尔兹曼（Lattice Boltzmann Method,LBM）方法整体精度较高,但对于底部气流的模拟精度还有待提升。     

中国交通运输经济发展与碳排放效率评价

为评价交通运输经济与碳排放绩效,探寻经济和碳减排双赢的改进路径,提出交通运输经济效率、碳排放效率及联合效率概念。针对中国30个省市区,以资本存量、煤类消费量、油类消费量、新能源消费量、从业人员作为投入要素,交通运输综合换算周转量和行业增加值作为期望产出,CO₂排放量作为非期望产出,采用RAM模型测度评估中国30个省市区的交通运输行业经济、碳排放及联合效率,探究3种效率的分布特征及变动规律,并利用非效率分解模型研究非效率来源,探索改进方向。研究结果表明：各省市区之间的交通运输经济效率、碳排放效率和联合效率均存在明显差异,且东部、中部、西部和东北地区呈现不同的梯度分布特性;2006~2016年的经济效率、碳排放效率及联合效率总体上可以分为2个阶段,第1阶段为2006~2011年,经济效率、碳排放效率和联合效率均呈波动上升,第2阶段为2011~2016年,经济效率、碳排放效率和联合效率轻微波动,并逐渐趋于平稳。非效率分解模型表明：能源过度消耗是经济效率、碳排放效率和联合效率的主要非效率来源;CO₂过度排放是碳排放效率和联合效率非效率的主要来源;行业增加值产出不足是经济效率和联合效率非效率的主要来源。这说明推广新能源,提升交通运输运营效率,革新交通减排技术是能够实现双赢的重要路径。     

双层排水沥青路面的服务功能研究

为了解决高速公路局部路段积水严重和噪声超标的问题,采用IMP-PI-SCT吸声系数测试仪和渗水仪进行室内研究,分别对不同空隙率的PAC-10、PAC-13单层排水沥青路面以及PAC-10+PAC-13双层排水沥青路面进行渗水系数的测试和分析,得到PAC-10(22％)+PAC-13(20％)双层排水沥青路面相对于单层排...     

室温液相还原法制备非晶纳米Ni-B粉体

以NiSO4和KBH4为原料采用液相还原法制备纳米非晶Ni-B合金粉体,经XRDI、CP和EDXS检测反应产物确为非晶纳米镍基粉体,通过TEM检测粉体粒径为50～100nm。在制备过程中聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为反应产物的保护剂,红外光谱(IR)证实了PVP的存在。     

二维凹槽内加机翼减阻效果的数值分析

对平板、二维凹槽和二维凹槽内加机翼三种模型进行对比分析,数值探讨二维凹槽内加机翼的减阻效果。数值摸拟采用商业软件fluent,结果表明在二维凹槽内加入机翼后的阻力比平板的阻力有14．8％的减阻效果。     

In及In-Sn电极电还原CO2的研究

CO2电还原技术在降低"温室效应"、缓解能源危机及消除密闭环境的CO2等方面都有很重要的意义.本文利用电沉积的方法制备了用于电还原CO2的In及In-Sn电极,在三电极测试体系及电解槽中,对所制备的电极进行活性及稳定性测试.在常温常压和2 000 A·m-2的电流密度下,所制备的In和In-Sn电极(43 cm2)电还原CO2,生成HCOOH的速率分别达到0.585 L·h-2,0.922 L·h-2.在40 h的电解测试中,两者皆具有较好的稳定性.In-Sn较In具有更高的CO2电还原活性,是一类更具应用前景的电极.