地铁车辆客室照明集中供电的安全性设计

介绍了在地铁车辆集中供电客室照明系统设计过程中,设计人员运用故障模式影响分析(FMEA)技术,对该系统设计方案安全性的改进过程。通过对初始设计方案中主要部件进行FMEA,识别了这些设备中可能会导致安全隐患的单点故障。根据FMEA的结果,对设计方案进行了必要的改进,从而保证了设计方案的安全性。     

Distributional impacts of road pricing: The truth behind the myth

This paper shows that road pricing can be regressive, progressive or neutral, and refutes the generalised idea that road pricing is always regressive. The potential distributional impacts of a road pricing scheme are assessed in three English towns. It is found that impacts are town specific and depend on where people live, where people work and what mode of transport they use to go to work. Initial impacts may be progressive even before any compensation scheme for losers is taken into account. When the situation before the scheme is implemented is such that majority of drivers entering the area where the scheme would operate come from households with incomes above the average, it can be expected that, once the scheme is implemented, these drivers coming from rich households will continue to cross the cordon and will be prepared to pay the charge. In such a case the overall effect will be that on average, rich people will pay the toll and poor people will not.     

Mixed RP/SP models incorporating interaction effects

In order to analyse the impact of a new train service in Cagliari (Italy) a databank including information from a revealed preference (RP) and a stated preference (SP) survey was set up. The RP data concern choice between car, bus and train; the SP data consider the binary choice between a new train service (quicker, more frequent, with a lower fare and more stations than the current one) and the alternative currently chosen by car and bus users. Logit models allowing for correlation among RP alternatives were estimated for this mixed RP/SP data set using the artificial tree structure method. The analysis included level-of-service variables measured with an unusually high level of precision, latent or second order variables (such as comfort), inertia and interaction variables. Different specifications of the utility function were tested, including the expenditure rate model, and the effects of these specifications on modelling results are highlighted. Our results show that for a population mainly composed of fixed income workers, the expenditure rate model is superior to the traditional wage rate model, yielding lower and more significant subjective values of time. Moreover, we found that the non-linear specifications appear to be more suitable as not only better model results were obtained, but also the real distribution of the error terms was revealed (i.e. highlighting correlation among public transport options).     

浅析《围城》比喻艺术

作为一篇优秀的现代小说,<围城>的成功是多方面的,其中最引人注目的是比喻艺术的运用.探究<围城>中比喻的取材、构思、审美效果方面的艺术,从中得出<围城>中比喻在形式上构思精巧独特;在内容上结合时代背景,与现实生活息息相关;发人深省,达到了幽默讽刺的艺术效果.     

江河航道岸坡防护工程的措施研究

文章系统地总结了近年来应用于实际工程和室内实验研究的江河航道岸坡防护工程措施,如抛石防护、混凝土模袋防护、软体排防护、混凝土异形块防护、四面体透水框架群防护、实体坝防护等,并对这些传统防护工程措施的防护机理、防护效果和防护优缺点进行了论述和评价。     

某核电站蒸汽管道抗甩击钢结构卷扬提升系统有限元分析

核电站控制厂房外墙面安装抗甩击结构是防止蒸汽管道边翘效应的约束装置．由于受狭窄作业空间限制,上下双层重型框架结构安装过程中施工难度大,为此设计了双卷扬滑车组提升系统,将抗甩击钢结构分件提升就位．为确保核电建设的安全,预防核电运行的事故隐患,对双卷扬滑车提升系统、工装架及提升吊耳进行有限元分析．计算结果和施工实践表明,该提升系统安全可靠、运行平稳、经济可行．     

物流通道的空间溢出效应检验——基于中国11 条物流通道的实证

以中国11 条物流通道为实证对象,综合测算物流通道技术水平,构造基于地理距 离的空间邻接权重矩阵,检验相关变量的空间自相关性,构建空间杜宾面板数据模型验证了 中国物流通道的空间溢出效应.研究表明：中国物流通道总体上具有显著的正向空间溢出效 应,但从分布于不同空间的物流通道看,长江、沿海、京九、陇海兰新和沪昆物流通道正向空间 溢出效应显著;而京沪、京广和宝昆物流通道研究期内空间溢出效应不显著.我国物流通道的 空间溢出效应具有显著的空间差异,应因地制宜地合理化建设物流通道.     

船体梁静水载荷效应统计预报

船体梁静水剪力、弯矩等是由装载状态决定的载荷效应。营运船舶装载记录表明，实际装载状态具有不确定性，由此导致载荷效应发生变异，其统计特性可利用回归公式或随机模拟原理进行估算或预报。通过对油船、散货船、滚装船及集装箱船约2000种随机工况所作的统计分析，表明其静水弯矩等随装载偏差的变化近似于正态分布律，并具有比船体中剖面模数或钢材屈服极限更为显著的变异性。在船舶结构可靠性分析或理性设计中，合理估算并预报这种及异性是必要的。     

国产米力农对急性心肌梗塞心力衰竭犬的血流动力学效应

以结扎麻醉犬冠状动脉前降支致心力衰竭，观察国产米力农的急性血流动力学效应。静脉注射米力衣（6μg／kg），可明显增加左、右心室内压上升和下降的最大速率（±dp／dtmax）及每搏输出量（SV）；显著降低左室舒张末期压力（LVEDP）；肺动脉压于一过性升高后持续下降。提示米力农对急性心肌梗塞所致心力衰竭具有良好的血流动力学效应。     

An Analysis of Weekend Work Activity Patterns in the San Francisco Bay Area

The purpose of this study is to examine the spatial and temporal characteristics of weekend work episodes. Specifically, we examine whether individuals work over the weekend and, if they work, whether they work at home or outside the home. We also model the time of day of weekend work. The empirical analysis in the paper is based on the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey. The results indicate the important effects of day of week/seasonal effects, individual demographics, work-related variables, household characteristics, and location variables on weekend work participation characteristics. The models estimated in the paper may be embedded within a larger weekend activity-travel pattern forecasting model system.