船舶近岸航行岸壁效应数值研究

岸壁效应对近岸航行船舶的安全性有重要影响,若操作不当常会造成船舶过度与岸壁接近而发生碰撞.文中以系列60(Cb=0.6)船型为例,采用一种一阶Rankine源面元法计算其在浅水域中以恒定速度沿3种不同岸壁航行时受到的横向力和首摇力矩,分析了水深、船到岸壁距离、岸壁倾斜角度以及下潜岸壁高度等对船舶受到的水动力的影响.     

武广客运专线狮公岩二号隧道施工技术研究

以武广客运专线狮公岩二号隧道为工程背景,针对该隧道埋深浅、偏压显著、围岩软弱破碎、受降雨影响大、隧道断面大、施工变形大且控制困难等特点,在对浅埋段及显著偏压段隧道进行施工效应分析基础上,提出了系列控制措施,有效控制了隧道变形,保证了隧道施工安全.     

适用于重载交通的公路桥梁荷载标准研究

某一级公路具有明显的重载交通特征,在运营过程中也出现了严重的超载问题,为准确分析该一级公路上的汽车荷载,并确定其对该路上广泛使用的简支梁桥和连续梁桥的荷载作用,以WIM调查数据为基础并进行统计分析,利用蒙特卡洛方法随机数生成模拟自然车队的拟合荷载流.基于<公路工程结构可靠度设计统一标准>中计算荷载效应的可靠度理论,以拟合荷载流在产生的弯矩与公路Ⅰ级的弯矩效应比值为分析对象,确定了适应该一级公路重载交通荷载下计算桥梁结构内力的汽车荷载标准.针对该路重载交通的实际情况,给出了不同超载条件下适度提高汽车荷载等级的荷载放大系数.     

水下接收罗兰C信号周期识别补偿方法研究

由于色散效应影响,罗兰C信号在水下传播时各频率分量相位改变量不同,导致合成信号包络发生形变,周期识别时需要进行包周差补偿处理。为此,在分析罗兰C信号水下传播色散特性基础上,通过仿真给出了标准信号由空气入水后在水中不同深度接收到的信号载波前五周半峰值比。然后,结合上述仿真结果,根据最小均方思想设计了一种融入包周差补偿的用于水下接收信号识别的简单可行周期识别方法。试验结果表明,所设计周期识别补偿方法能够准确实现水下接收罗兰C信号的周期识别,提高接收机定位精度,对拓展罗兰C接收机的水下应用领域具有重要意义。     

气阀故障对空气压缩机工作的影响及应对措施

文章分析了气阀故障对空气压缩机工作的影响,指出了气阀故障的判断方法,针对气阀故障提出了管理和检修时提高气阀工作可靠性的对策。这对于轮机管理人员及时准确的发现和排除空压机气阀故障具有一定的参考意义。     

Rebound effects caused by the improvement of vehicle energy efficiency: An analysis based on a SP-off-RP survey

This study provide a straightforward way of examining the rebound effects of switching to more fuel efficient technologies, as well as determining the distribution of the effects in the household sector, including both the residential and transport sectors. A SP-off-RP survey conducted in Japan in 2012 asked people to state their preference for the reallocation behaviors after informing them of their annual operating cost saving resulting from the vehicle efficiency improvement. Coupled who save money from relocation are more likely to spend this either on housing features or transport; supporting the idea of rebound effects, although not only limited to within the transport sector. Regarding the distribution of rebound effects, domestic appliances are more likely to be affected than vehicles.     

Comparing aircraft noise pollution and cost-risk effects of inland and offshore airports: The case of Dalian International Airport,Dalian, China

China’s Dalian International Airport is taken to compare the aircraft noise pollution and the cost-risk effects of the expanded an existing inland and a proposed offshore airport. The findings show that the aircraft noise pollution of the offshore airport is much less than that of the expanded inland airport; the land-use cost, noise reduction charges and other risks of the offshore airport are also much less; the creation of the offshore airport may be more favorable to the city’s development.     

A study of the bi-directional pedestrian flow characteristics at Hong Kong signalized crosswalk facilities

This paper investigates the bi-directional flow characteristics at signalized crosswalk facilities in Hong Kong. Pedestrian flow measurements were conducted at selected signalized crosswalks in Hong Kong urban area with and without the Light Rail Transit (LRT) railway tracks in the median of the carriageway. The pedestrian speed-flow functions for these crosswalk facilities were calibrated. The relationships between the walking speed at capacity and directional distribution of pedestrian flow (or flow ratio) are determined. The effects of different flow ratio on the effective capacity are also investigated. The bi-directional pedestrian flow effects on signalized crosswalk facilities with LRT tracks are found more significant than those without LRT tracks. The result could be used as a basis to improve the assessment of the crosswalk's capacity and to determine the design walking speeds under different flow ratios at signalized crosswalks in Hong Kong and in other Asian cities with similar environments.     

生态环保业的宏观经济效应实证分析

按照生态环保业的新内涵,运用量化的投入产出方法,形成中观行业到宏观经济效应的研究路径,基于最近几个年份的投入产出表,全面研究行业现状,系统研究行业在经济总量、就业、物价方面对宏观经济的效应,推导出拉动行业发展的需求因素,结合研究结果提出疏浚企业拓展生态环保业的建议。     

Evaluation of transit proximity effects on residential land prices: an empirical study in Austin,Texas

The Austin MetroRail line in Texas, U.S.A. began operations in 2010 and since then transit-oriented development projects have been fuelled around train stations. Traditional location theory holds that proximity to a transit station should be capitalized into land prices, and numerous empirical studies have demonstrated the effects with mixed results. However, to date no empirical study has investigated this relationship between the newly built rail line and land prices in Austin. This study fills the research gap and suggests a positive effect associated with transit proximity by employing spatial hedonic models. This study also contributes to the existing literature especially in the context of Texas cities where there is a lack of relevant research on transit-capitalization-related topics, and provides insights for decision-makers with different perspectives regarding further rail investment or transportation financing strategies such as value capture programs.