战时陆军防空兵车辆装备抢修作业效能评估研究

战时陆军防空兵车辆装备抢修作业是迅速恢复陆军防空兵机动能力的重要手段,其作业能力的大小直接影响陆军防空兵伴随防空作战效能,因此,应高度关注其车辆装备抢修工作,对其进行客观、定量的评估。对防空作战单元机动效能指数的确立提出修正意见,可为提高陆军防空兵伴随防空作战能力提供参考。     

Workshop 1: Performance measurement and compliance

This workshop discussed challenges of measuring the performance of transport contracts, which is usually achieved by benchmarking the relevant services against a few key performance indicators (KPIs). Such KPIs (the workshop identified cost efficiency, service quality and safety/security as the top three) can be explicitly included in the contracts (with a focus on compliance) or can be rather informal and part of a trusting partnership. Limited availability of good data and appropriate information technology systems appear to be the greatest challenges within developed markets. In the context of creating a formal market (such as the South African taxi market), which encourages public transport measurement and compliance, our findings suggest that it is important to set as a first step minimum standards to address the backlog with respect to establishing performance measurement regimes.     

Productivity change in Nigerian seaports after reform: a Malmquist productivity index decomposition approach

ABSTRACT

During the 1990s, Nigerian seaports were considered inefficient, unsafe due to massive cargo theft (wharf rat phenomenon) and one of the most expensive port systems in the world. This resulted in long turnaround times for ships and increased container dwell times. As a result, port operations were transferred to the private sector through concession contracts. This paper employs a Malmquist productivity index (MPI) technique to benchmark pre-and post-reform total factor productivity growth of the six major Nigeria seaports (Apapa, Calabar, Onne, Port Harcourt, TinCan Island and Warri) for the period 2000–2011 which represents six years before (2000–2005) and six years after (2006–2011) the reform. The results indicate progress in technical efficiency of the ports after reform but deterioration in technological progress. Overall productivity growth was higher in the pre-concession period compared to the post-concession period. The source of pre-concession period productivity growth was technological progress while the change in productivity of the post-concession period is generated by an increase in scale efficiency. This suggests that concessionaires have not brought in the much anticipated investment in modern technology to drive port efficiency. The ports of Calabar and Apapa experienced the highest productivity growth while lowest result was Onne.     

船舶辅机安装要求的探讨

介绍了辅机在船体上的几种预舾装方式.规定了辅机基座的加工要求.阐述了辅机设备的安装要求及检查方法.为船舶辅机的稳定、安全运行提供保障.     

轮胎磨损对车辆制动效能影响的试验

以全新轮胎与旧轮胎为例进行理论分析和装车试验,对试验数据进行多项式拟合,分别建立制动初速度-制动距离和制动初速度-平均减速度关系曲线。研究表明:新胎车辆的制动效能明显优于旧胎车辆的制动效能,说明轮胎的磨损程度对车辆的制动效能有很大的影响,并进一步影响到车辆的行驶安全性。     

耙吸式挖泥船最佳装舱时间的确定

耙吸式挖泥船溢流施工作为疏浚施工重要的方法之一,其施工效率的提高与装舱时间有关.确定最佳装舱时间及生产模式,需要对施工区土质、装舱时间、装舱效率、施工区域漂流出的土方量等要素进行分析计算,并加以工程实践验证.依据确定的最佳装舱时间组织生产施工,可以提高施工效率和经济效益.     

定向滑移爆炸挤淤处理悬浮式防波堤地基施工技术

在海域深厚层淤泥(＞28 m)条件下,对定向滑移爆炸挤淤悬浮式防波堤施工技术,从堤头抛石加载、爆炸挤淤爆破参数选择、循环进尺控制、两侧爆夯等方面进行阐述.在施工过程中采用“体积平衡法,沉降观测,钻孔勘探”等检测手段进行监控,保证爆炸挤淤悬浮式防波堤地基质量,工期短、费用低、沉降小,值得在类似工程中推广应用.     

余热锅炉灰斗内两相流动的三维数值模拟及结构优化

利用两相流模型对某型余热锅炉灰斗中的流动和颗粒物分离情况进行模拟,分析了灰斗中加入不同角度挡板对流动情况和颗粒物分离效率的影响,并根据挡板角度对不同直径颗粒物分离效率影响的模拟结果对灰斗结构进行优化.计算结果表明：加入挡板的灰斗对颗粒的分离效果优于原来的灰斗,挡板角度不同对各直径颗粒分离效果有很大影响,对锅炉灰斗结构优化具有一定的参考价值.     

Why and How to Use Customer Opinions: A Quality-of-Life and Customer Satisfaction-Oriented Foundation for Performance-Based Decision-Making

Abstract

The concepts of ‘customer satisfaction’ (CS) and ‘quality of life’ (QOL) have both been used, on a limited basis, in strategic planning and performance measurement at state departments of transportation. However, the meanings and usefulness of these concepts are still unclear or evolving to many practitioners. Based on a review of the literature and customer opinion data collected for various transportation studies in the USA and Europe, this paper offers two important contributions to the transportation literature. The paper clarifies the relationship between the CS and QOL concepts, placing CS in the broader context of customer opinions and subjective well-being. The paper then identifies six categories of survey tools for collecting customer opinions, describing how each can be used within a performance management framework to reveal the QOL impacts of transportation decisions. Agencies can use the definitions, conceptual relationships, performance measures, and decision-making processes discussed in this paper to refine their performance management programs, to better understand customer and public perceptions, and to make systematic progress toward their QOL oriented goals.     

山岳隧道施工受温泉流水影响之探讨

近年来,台湾开发的部分重大建设均牵涉山岳隧道的开挖,因台湾地处欧亚板块与菲律宾板块交界处,受其影响,常发现有温泉形成。隧道内如有温泉水流出,则相比一般隧道外的作业环境温度要高出很多,而大部分隧道会遇到温泉水的问题。本研究针对实际工程案例的现地探查数据及隧道开挖施工效率进行分析,探讨了温泉水对隧道施工的影响,以期为高温隧道开挖施工提供借鉴参考。