Quantitative assessment of effect of enforcement intensity on violation rates of vehicle weight and dimension regulations

A theory of upper bound limit describing the relationship between maximum possible violation rate as a function of the intensity of enforcement of vehicle weight and dimension regulations and indeed other transport administrative regulations is postulated. The model is an exponential function that determines the maximum violation rate for given inspection capacity. The constant of the function depends on the method of enforcement. The theory is demonstrated to be valid. It has potential for facilitating important policy issues relating to enforcement of transport administrative regulations and within the framework of infrastructure management to be addressed.

The relative effectiveness of enforcement methods is quantified by two parameters namely, the effectiveness index and the truckers’ relative perceived probability of detection. These parameters facilitate evaluation of the performance of various enforcement methods and operation strategies. It is found that patrol teams are, on average, 30 times as effective in detecting violations as continuously operated permanent weigh scales. High perceived detection probabilities are associated with high inspection capacities. To increase the perceived detection probability (reduce violation rates) therefore implies increasing the inspection capacity.     

提升海事执法公信力的探讨

文中首先介绍了海事执法公信力的内涵和提升海事执法公信力的意义,紧接着对影响海事执法公信力提升的主要因素进行了分析,最后从海事系统立法、执法制度完善和执法队伍建设等3个方面提出了提升海事执法公信力的建议。     

Effectiveness of vehicle weight enforcement in a developing country using weigh-in-motion sorting system considering vehicle by-pass and enforcement capability

Vehicle overloading has been identified as one of the major contributors to road pavement damage in Malaysia. In this study, the weigh-in-motion (WIM) system has been used to function as a vehicle weight sorting tool to complement the exsiting static weigh bridge enforcement station. Data collected from the developed system is used to explore the effectiveness of using WIM system in terms of generating more accurate data for enforcement purposes and at the same time improving safety and reducing the number of vehicle weight violations on the roads. This study specifically focus on the effect of vehicle by-pass and static weigh station enforcement capability on the overall effectiveness of vehicle weight enforcement system in a developing country. Results from this study suggest that the WIM system will significantly enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of the current vehicle weight enforcement, thus generating substantial revenue that would greatly off-set the current road maintenance budget that comes from tax payers money. If there is substantial reduction in overloaded vehicles, the public will still gain through reduction in road maintenance budget, less accident risks involving heavy trucks, and lesser greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions.     

大力推进《联合国海洋法公约》的实施

针对我国在实施《联合国海洋法公约》过程中遇到的一系列困难和问题,提出加强、完善海洋法的国内立法;加强海洋法的宣传和教育;加强海洋法的行政执法力度,加快学习港、澳、台及国外的先进经验,以推进《联合国海洋法公约》在我国的实施。保护我国的主权,有利于更好地开发、利用保护海洋资源,提升我国人民的生活质量,增加安全感、幸福感,有利于解决我国与邻国的海洋权益纷争,有利于世界和平。     

关于海事执法队伍建设的几个问题

在论述了海事执法人员必须打好“五个基础”、具有“六个能力”的基础上,提出了加强海事执法队伍建设的途径和海事执法队伍建设的总体目标     

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运用微观经济学方法，阐述了当前超载治理中存在的“罚-超悖论”和“重罚策略”两种主流观点。运用运输经济学相关理论修正并改进了重罚策略模型，使用该模型分析了超载执法处罚的取缔率与边际处罚对业者装载决策的影响，推导出有效执法的必要条件是保证一定的“最小期望边际处罚”，解释了车辆装载量在执法条件下的微观与宏观变化趋势。通过对超载车辆处罚设计与实际治超过程中一些约束因素的分析，解释了当前普遍依靠多执法点进行重复处罚的原因与该策略可能存在的弊端。     

浅析交通综合执法

分析了我国多头执法体制的弊端,提出实施交通综合执法的重大意义,并就交通综合执法的实施困难进行了相关阐述。     

环氧树脂涂层钢筋在桥梁结构中的应用

介绍了环氧树脂涂层钢筋的制作工艺及技术要求,比较了涂层钢筋与普通钢筋的性能差异,指出了涂层钢筋的适用范围以及施工注意事项。     

对交通行政执法自由裁量权工作的思考

行政自由裁量的“自由性”和“封闭性”特点决定了它更易受权力、金钱等非客观因素的影响而导致枉法、滥用自由裁量权,这严重影响了法律适用的公正和公平。文章对交通行政执法自由裁量权的分类、裁量权滥用的原因以及如何正确行使自由裁量权进行阐述。     

航道行政执法的制约因素与对策

文章结合梧州辖区航道行政执法情况,以河道采砂为切入点,分析了航道行政执法的制约因素,提出了相应的解决对策。