耙吸式挖泥船最佳装舱时间的确定

耙吸式挖泥船溢流施工作为疏浚施工重要的方法之一,其施工效率的提高与装舱时间有关.确定最佳装舱时间及生产模式,需要对施工区土质、装舱时间、装舱效率、施工区域漂流出的土方量等要素进行分析计算,并加以工程实践验证.依据确定的最佳装舱时间组织生产施工,可以提高施工效率和经济效益.     

定向滑移爆炸挤淤处理悬浮式防波堤地基施工技术

在海域深厚层淤泥(＞28 m)条件下,对定向滑移爆炸挤淤悬浮式防波堤施工技术,从堤头抛石加载、爆炸挤淤爆破参数选择、循环进尺控制、两侧爆夯等方面进行阐述.在施工过程中采用“体积平衡法,沉降观测,钻孔勘探”等检测手段进行监控,保证爆炸挤淤悬浮式防波堤地基质量,工期短、费用低、沉降小,值得在类似工程中推广应用.     

Calculation of external costs for freight transport

Abstract

The negative impacts of transport are in general associated with costs. These costs are usually denoted as ‘external costs’ or ‘externalities’. This paper presents a tool for calculating external costs for freight transport together with its application to a number of case studies. The categories considered include: air pollution, greenhouse gases, noise, accidents and congestion. Results are presented for a number of different transport alternatives as total costs and divided into categories. The uncertainties in the results are discussed. The assessment of these costs is essential for predicting future transport costs.     

余热锅炉灰斗内两相流动的三维数值模拟及结构优化

利用两相流模型对某型余热锅炉灰斗中的流动和颗粒物分离情况进行模拟,分析了灰斗中加入不同角度挡板对流动情况和颗粒物分离效率的影响,并根据挡板角度对不同直径颗粒物分离效率影响的模拟结果对灰斗结构进行优化.计算结果表明：加入挡板的灰斗对颗粒的分离效果优于原来的灰斗,挡板角度不同对各直径颗粒分离效果有很大影响,对锅炉灰斗结构优化具有一定的参考价值.     

Estimating Freight Transport Price Elasticity in Multi-mode Studies: A Review and Additional Results from a Multimodal Network Model

Abstract

The paper presents a detailed comparative review of price/cost elasticity estimates published in a number of studies on multi-mode freight transport demands. It attempts to determine which factors could explain the wide diversity of estimates: data aggregation, diversity of markets, and methodology. It also presents new estimates for rail, road, and waterway modes, derived from a multimodal freight network model of the Rhine area market. Direct and cross-elasticities are estimated for 11 groups of commodities and per distance category. The results are critically assessed by comparison with the reviewed studies. The paper concludes with a few recommendations about meaningful uses of existing estimates and the need for additional experiments with different methodologies applied on a common data basis.     

A behavioral analysis of freight mode choice decisions

This paper develops a behavioral analysis of freight mode choice decisions that could provide a basis for an acceptable analytical tool for policy assessment. The paper specifically examines the way that truck and rail compete for commodity movement in the US. Two binary mode choice models are introduced in which some shipment-specific variables (e.g. distance, weight and value) and mode-specific variables (e.g. haul time and cost) are found to be determinants. The specifications of the non-selected choice are imputed in a machine learning module. Shipping cost is found to be a central factor for rail shipments, while road shipments are found to be more sensitive to haul time. Sensitivity of mode choice decisions is further analyzed under different fuel price fluctuation scenarios. A low level of mode choice sensitivity is found with respect to fuel price, such that even a 50% increase in fuel cost does not cause a significant modal shift between truck and rail.     

山岳隧道施工受温泉流水影响之探讨

近年来,台湾开发的部分重大建设均牵涉山岳隧道的开挖,因台湾地处欧亚板块与菲律宾板块交界处,受其影响,常发现有温泉形成。隧道内如有温泉水流出,则相比一般隧道外的作业环境温度要高出很多,而大部分隧道会遇到温泉水的问题。本研究针对实际工程案例的现地探查数据及隧道开挖施工效率进行分析,探讨了温泉水对隧道施工的影响,以期为高温隧道开挖施工提供借鉴参考。     

铁路货运电子商务系统建设的若干问题探讨

铁路货运电子商务系统是一项重要的信息系统建设项目,将从工程的视角对系统进行解析,内容包括对项目的意义、风险以及其他相关问题进行阐述,并有针对性地提出建设意见,以期保证项目的顺利进行.     

铁路货票收入审核处理设计与实现

本文对铁路运输收入审核业务中货票收入审核处理流程和审核内容进行了需求分析,根据货票收入审核的业务特点提出了一套高效实用的设计方案,并在铁路运输收入管理信息系统开发中采用了几项关键技术,取得了良好的效果.     

公路货运车辆动态配装优化方案研究

随着我国与世界各国的贸易往来与日俱增,从而带动了我国公路零担货运事业的迅猛发展．利用现代检测技术、计算机技术,并结合智能运输系统（ITS）中关于交通流信息实时预测的数据以及公路货运企业的动态货运数据,应用动态规划的方法对公路货运实时配装优化过程进行了研究．此研究成果将使运输信息服务形成规模操作,优化选择、调度车辆以及区域内有关车源、货源信息的共享,由计算机辅助配装优化,将降低总运输成本,使有效管理成为可能．