浅议汽车驾驶技术与节约油耗的关系

如何节油是人与汽车科学结合中出现的课题。为了减小这种矛盾关系，介绍了车辆参数变化后多耗油的过程，以及驾驶员容易忽视的驾驶细节对油耗的影响。分析了驾驶中正确运用高档低速，经济车速，滑行行驶等节油方法和原理。注意这些细节，运用这些技巧，并成为习惯，会比普通车手平均省油8～10％。     

直线电机地铁车辆如何降低制动磨耗

由于直线电机车辆的固有特性及某轨道交通线路的运营特点,实施电制动时,导致空气制动被迫频繁补充,造成制动磨耗件消耗较快。介绍了改造前、后制动闸片、制动盘及制动施加情况,并进行了经济分析。通过改善空气制动施加逻辑及更换新型号的闸片,制动磨耗量明显降低,可大幅降低运营成本。     

穿越陡坎地形的偏压黄土隧道大变形时空特征研究

针对黄土隧道开挖这一施工领域中的难题,依托地坑院隧道,对隧道穿越沿线地质地形的施工风险进行分析,同时基于监控量测数据,对典型横断面和纵向段的初期支护变形规律进行研究,得出初期支护沿时空分布的变形特征。分析结果表明: 1)围岩变形持续时间长、变形速率大,有时具有突变性; 2)初期支护横断面收敛不均,纵向变形与断面距掌子面距离直接相关; 3)隧道变形受地形、地下水和施工的影响较大。根据现场围岩大变形规律针对性地制定相关控制措施,研究成果可为现场施工提供技术性指导。     

浅析2013版建设工程工程量清单计价计量规范的变化和特点

在工程建设中,为全过程控制工程造价,2012年12月25日发布的2013版《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》和各专业工程量计算规范,制定了一序列管理条文,建立起从招投标到竣工结算的工程造价全过程管理机制.为便于新计价、计量规范的贯彻执行,此文将2013版规范与2003版规范和2008版规范进行对比分析,进一步介绍2013版规范修改、完善和增加的内容及特点.推动2013版规范在建设工程中的应用.     

Energy savings in transport

A decade of increasing Federal attention to urban transportation needs has culminated in the 1970 Urban Mass Transportation Assistance Act. This Act is intended to provide 10 thousand million dollars over the next 12 years in Federal assistance money to urban public transportation systems. This paper examines the needs of selected U.S. cities as a basis for (1) understanding the vast, various and complex transportation needs of urban areas throughout the country, and (2) assessing the sufficiency of these funds. The sample cities have been placed into three broad categories based on the state of development of their transportation systems. In Category I cities, the essential need is to ensure the survival of bus systems for the use of non‐drivers, or to provide some other viable alternative to the automobile; in Category II cities, the primary needs are to relieve auto congestion and to improve public transportation components, while in Category III cities, the primary need is massive investment to improve and to extend public transportation facilities. It is concluded that the presently intended Federal funding level for transportation will not meet the financial requirements of the Category III cities.     

浅谈对铝合金油箱端盖与壳体配合间隙的改进

铝合金油箱端盖在压型后,变形很大、外形尺寸较大、扭斜、不平整,难以达到装配要求,本文通过使用(自制专用)设备,对压型后的端盖施加外力,改变其外形,从而解决此问题。     

浅谈车用油耗器测量电路的优化设计

车用油耗器设计中测量电路的设计是关键技术,重点介绍了分频技术和M/T测速技术的优点、原理和在设计中的应用方法。     

Network equilibrium models with battery electric vehicles

The limited driving ranges, the scarcity of recharging stations and potentially long battery recharging or swapping time inevitably affect route choices of drivers of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). When traveling between their origins and destinations, this paper assumes that BEV drivers select routes and decide battery recharging plans to minimize their trip times or costs while making sure to complete their trips without running out of charge. With different considerations of flow dependency of energy consumption of BEVs and recharging time, three mathematical models are formulated to describe the resulting network equilibrium flow distributions on regional or metropolitan road networks. Solution algorithms are proposed to solve these models efficiently. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the models and solution algorithms.     

隧道铣挖法铣挖参数数值模拟研究

基于PRO/E建立艾卡特ER1500-1XL铣挖头模型导入LS-DYNA中,选择DRUCKER-PRAGER本构模型模拟岩土材料,刚体模拟铣挖头进行铣削岩土仿真。通过数值模拟方法改变隧道铣挖法中铣削参数(吃刀深度,截割厚度,铣挖方式),结合现场资料得到隧道铣挖规律。结果如下:(1)截齿荷载平均值差异不大时差异系数较大是截齿破坏的主要原因;(2)吃刀深度和垂直摆动速度与单位比能耗呈指数关系,加大吃刀深度比摆动速度对加大截割厚度更有效,截割阻力与截割厚度成线性关系;(3)铣挖尽量采用顺切,较为省力,延长截齿寿命。     

扶正升白胶囊治疗虚劳证的临床及实验研究

用扶正升白胶囊治疗虚劳证30例，总有效率为83．3％。同时观察了该方对小鼠体质及大鼠血清睾酮浓度的影响。结果：该方能增强小鼠体质，提高动物耐疲劳、耐低温能力，显著提高大鼠血清睾酮浓度。故认为该方治疗虚劳证的疗效机理可能与增强体质、提高性激素水平有关。