Mirror Mapping of Laser Interferometer Measurement System on Ultra-precise Movement Stage

The accuracy and repeatability of the laser interferometer measurement system （LIMS） are often limited by the mirror surface error that comes from the mirror surface shape and distortion. This paper describes a new method to calibrate mirror map on ultraprecise movement stage （UPMS） with nanopositioning and to make a real-time compensation for the mirror surface error by using mirror map data tables with the software algorithm. Based on the mirror map test model, the factors affecting mirror map are analyzed through geometric method on the UPMS with six digrees of freedom. Dam processing methods including spline interpolation and spline offsets are used to process the raw sampling data to build mirror map tables. The linear interpolation as compensation method to make a real-time correction on the stage mirror unflatness is adopted and the correction formulas are illuminated. In this way, the measurement accuracy of the system is obviously improved from 40 nm to 5 nm.     

汽车LPG燃料燃烧特性

为了对LPG发动机燃烧系统的设计、开发提供理论支持，研究测试了不同转速、负荷下LPG燃烧的示功图，计算分析了LPG燃烧过程中压力、压力升高率、累计放热量、放热速率等影响燃烧的主要参数，并与汽油相应工况下的燃烧特性进行了对比分析。结果表明，LPG在燃烧性能上与汽油存在较大差异，LPG燃烧速度慢，燃烧持续时间长，而且在小负荷区域LPG的燃烧完全程度较差，随着负荷的增加燃烧情况改善。     

一种微型车用半轴全浮支承式动力储备驱动后桥

国产微型汽车只带有3个前进挡和1个倒挡的变速器,因此在差速器驱动桥上增设了一个具有2个前进挡和1个直接挡的“动力储备变速箱”,使微车拥有6个前进挡,实现了微车驱动轮的输出转矩和速度的变化范围扩大,提高了整车的动力性和经济性.     

PEM燃料电池阴极三维数学模型的建立与计算

建立了蛇形流场和点状流场的阴极三维数学模型，通过耦合求解质量守恒方程、动量守恒方程、Darcy方程和多组分气相扩散的Stefan—Maxwell方程，计算出两种不同流场阴极的催化层与扩散层交界面的O2和H2O浓度的分布、扩散层中间的气体速度分布．通过实验比较蛇形流场和点状流场的单电池性能．     

质子交换膜燃料电池的结构和运行参数对其性能的影响

讨论了电池结构参数和运行条件对质子交换膜燃料电池性能的影响．结果表明：催化层中的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）和质子导体Nation的含量都有一最佳范围；良好的电池结构和尺寸将有利于反应气体的均匀分配、产物的排出以及电池内阻的减小．增加气体扩散层的孔径、孔隙率可增大电池的极限电流密度；降低电解质膜的厚度将会降低电池的内阻；提高运行温度和压力将改善电池内电化学反应和传质；加湿温度、反应气体的流速应适应电流密度的变化．     

基于MQ插值的变形网格在船舶阻力预报中的应用

在非结构切分网格的框架下,发展了一种基于Multi-Quadric插值的变形网格技术,结合CFD软件STAR-CCM+,采用SST湍流模型,并以VOF法进行自由液面的追踪,将该变形网格技术应用于带附体穿浪双体船的阻力预报中。分别以网格的拉伸变形和斜率变形实现了阻流板和尾楔的边界运动,计算了阻流板高度为4 mm、6 mm和8 mm以及尾楔角度为5°、10°和15°时的工况。计算结果表明,变形网格方法与固定网格方法取得了相同的精度;同试验值相比,在不同工况下变形网格最大平均误差约为6.67%,验证了其可行性。但是,相比于固定网格方法,变形网格方法的计算时耗最大可减少40%,因此采用该变形网格方法可极大地提高带可变形附体的船舶的阻力预报效率。     

水下航行体降噪艉翼填角的数值模拟与试验研究

为降低水下航行体噪声,研究了艉翼填角的降噪效果。分析了水下航行体艉翼接合部马蹄涡影响螺旋桨伴流场的特征,认为马蹄涡对水下航行体噪声产生了不利影响。针对某无人水下航行体(UUV)设计了一种艉翼填角,运用CFD方法对该艉翼填角优化螺旋桨伴流场的效果进行了数值模拟,结果显示伴流场轴向速度的周向不均匀度系数下降35%-62%。将艉翼填角应用于该UUV,开展航行辐射噪声测量试验,结果显示艉翼填角使UUV航行噪声总声源级降低3.4 d B,尤其对低频噪声抑制较好。     

质子交换膜燃料电池接触电阻研究进展

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)接触电阻问题是制约其商业化发展的一个重要因素。影响接触电阻的因素可归纳为电池材料、组装参数、工作参数和其他因素。本文主要介绍了PEMFC的接触电阻及其影响因素,并综述了降低接触电阻的方法。     

单轴加速度计在轴功率测量中的应用研究

介绍了一种利用重力加速度测量旋转机械主轴转速的方法,通过单轴加速度计与计算机技术的融合,实现了轴转速的测量,该方法提供了轴输出功率测量的一体化方案,安装操作简单成本低廉,能够适应较为复杂的测量环境要求。     

Finding time‐robust fuel‐efficient paths for a call‐taxi in a stochastic city road network

Intra‐city commuting is being revolutionized by call‐taxi services in many developing countries such as India. A customer requests a taxi via phone, and it arrives at the right time and at the right location for the pick‐up. This mode of intra‐city travel has become one of the most reliable and convenient modes of transportation for customers traveling for business and non‐business purposes. The increased number of vehicles on city roads and raising fuel costs has prompted a new type of transportation logistics problem of finding a fuel‐efficient and quickest path for a call‐taxi through a city road network, where the travel times are stochastic. The stochastic travel time of the road network is induced by obstacles such as the traffic signals and intersections. The delay and additional fuel consumption at each of these obstacles are calculated that are later imputed to the total travel time and fuel consumption of a path. A Monte‐Carlo simulation‐based approach is proposed to identify unique fuel‐efficient paths between two locations in a city road network where each obstacle has a delay distribution. A multi‐criteria score is then assigned to each unique path based on the probability that the path is fuel efficient, the average travel time of the path and the coefficient of variation of the travel times of the path. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.