煤气管道膨胀节腐蚀分析及解决方案

文中从唐山某钢厂煤气管道用膨胀节发生腐蚀泄漏情况入手,对其发生腐蚀泄漏的原因进行了分析研究.根据分析发现该膨胀节发生腐蚀泄漏的主要原因是高炉煤气结露后产生了腐蚀性液体,该液体腐蚀掉了波纹管与接管焊接熔合的碳钢部分,导致波纹管焊接部分与接管脱离.针对这种情况提出了解决类似问题的措施,并且结合现场的具体条件,提出了简捷有效的解决措施,保证煤气管线膨胀节的平稳运行.     

车用发动机扭转振动的分析与控制

基于扭转振动的基本原理,对发动机两种类型的扭转振动减振器的设计计算做深入的陈述.结合两款有针对性的发动机,对所要计算的基本参数及该参数所要限定的范围作了具体说明.最后用本公司自主开发的发动机扭振分析软件对一款发动机进行模拟计算,并与试验测量结果进行对比分析,并证明计算的结果是准确可靠的.     

Mathematical properties and constraints representation for bottom-up approaches to the evaluation of GHG mitigation policies

Bottom-up models, including MARKAL, MESSAGE and AIM, are widely used when analyzing the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement policies. These bottom-up models are mostly formulated as a linear programming (LP) optimization model to find both the minimal cost combination of abatement technologies and energy flows while satisfying demands. It is not unusual that the bottom-up modeling involves a great number of technical, industrial, socioeconomic and environmental constraints. Investigating representative constraints needed for analyzing GHG abatement policies, this study proposes how to implement these constraints in bottom-up modeling.     

俄罗斯船用及工业燃气轮机的发展和应用现状

综述并分析俄罗斯船用及工业燃气轮机设计、研制、生产和应用的现状及发展状况。指出,俄罗斯小功率发电用燃气轮机的发展现状良好,拥有一些性能优良的机组,但是中等功率和大功率发电用机组却是弱项,距离世界先进水平还有很大差距。机械驱动用燃气轮机始终是俄罗斯工业燃气轮机中的强项,设计、研制和应用均处于世界领先水平。曾经是其强项的船用燃气轮机,由于苏联的解体,却成了俄罗斯燃气轮机工业中的缺项。     

An efficient and exact event-based algorithm for solving simplified first order dynamic network loading problems in continuous time

In this paper a novel solution algorithm is proposed for exactly solving simplified first order dynamic network loading (DNL) problems for any generalised network. This DNL solution algorithm, termed eLTM (event-based Link Transmission Model), is based on the seminal Lighthill–Witham–Richards (LWR) model, adopts a triangular fundamental diagram and includes a generalised first order node model formulation. Unlike virtually all DNL solution algorithms, eLTM does not rely on time discretisation, but instead adopts an event based approach. The main advantage of this approach is the possibility of yielding exact results. Furthermore, an approximate version of the same algorithm is introduced. The user can configure an a-priori threshold that dictates the approximation error (measurable a-posteriori). Using this approximation the computational effort required decreases significantly, making it especially suitable for large scale applications. The computational complexity is investigated and results are demonstrated via theoretical and real world case studies. Fixed periods of stationary demands are included adopting a matrix demand profile to mimic basic departure time demand fluctuations. Finally, the information loss of the approximate solution is assessed under different configurations.     

Commuters’ behavior towards upgraded bus services in Greater Beirut: Implications for greenhouse gas emissions,social welfare and transport policy

Climate change is one of the most critical environmental challenges faced in the world today. The transportation sector alone contributes to 22% of carbon emissions, of which 80% are contributed by road transportation. In this paper we investigate the potential private car greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction and social welfare gains resulting from upgrading the bus service in the Greater Beirut Area. To this end, a stated preference (SP) survey on mode switching from private car to bus was conducted in this area and analyzed by means of a mixed logit model. We then used the model outputs to simulate aggregate switching behavior in the study area and the attendant welfare and environmental gains and private car GHG emissions reductions under various alternative scenarios of bus service upgrade. We recommend a bundle of realistic bus service improvements in the short term that will result in a reasonable shift to buses and measurable reduction in private car emissions. We argue that such improvements will need to be comprehensive in scope and include both improvements in bus level of service attributes (access/egress time, headway, in-vehicle travel time, and number of transfers) and the provision of amenities, including air-conditioning and Wi-Fi. Moreover, such a service needs to be cheaply priced to achieve reasonably high levels of switching behavior. With a comprehensively overhauled bus service, one would expect that bus ridership would increase for commuting purposes at first, and once the habit for it is formed, for travel purposes other than commuting, hence dramatically broadening the scope of private car GHG emissions reduction. This said, this study demonstrates the limits of focused sectorial policies in targeting and reducing private car GHG emissions, and highlights the need for combining behavioral interventions with other measures, most notably technological innovations, in order for the contribution of this sector to GHG emissions mitigation to be sizable.     

绿色船舶固定式灭火系统的分析及选用研究

通过对目前船舶几种灭火系统的原理比较,分析绿色船舶上消防系统的选用,主要对高倍泡沫灭火系统及压力水雾灭火系统的设计进行阐述。提供设计人员在新型绿色船舶设计中选用更安全、更环保、更高效、更经济的灭火系统。     

透平发电机组的自动控制

透平发电机组在实际运行过程中，一方面为乙烯装置提供不同压力等级的蒸汽动力，一方面又将热能转化为电能。因此，透平发电机组的自动控制对整个乙烯装置的平衡运行都非常重要。而透平发电机组要完成减温减压和发电两个任务，常规控制仪表是很难实现的，完成这两个任务主要是由DG505E电子自动高速速器来完成的。文中在简单介绍透平发电机组工艺原理基础上，着重讨论了透平发电机的自控制系统、联锁保护系统的设计方案。     

机车活塞式空气压缩机管道振动分析

针对目前机车活塞式空气压缩机工作时管道振动大、噪声大的现象,通过计算管系的结构固有频率、气柱固有频率和压力脉动,分析了管道振动的原因,提出了综合使用缓冲器减振、孔板减振和支撑结构等措施。     

海底地声参数对浅海低频声传播的影响

用分层介质中点声源激发声场的积分表示法得到海水中声源外任意一点的声场表达式,用波数积分的数值计算方法得到声场传播在距离上的传播损失,针对不同的海底沉积物参数进行了声场的仿真计算和分析,得出浅海低频声传播的基本规律和特点。