内压载荷下X80管道裂纹应力分布规律研究

为了研究内压作用下管道裂纹应力场分布规律,以含有表面裂纹的X80管道为研究对象,对不同形状、不同方向、不同内压、不同尺寸的含裂纹管道进行仿真分析和实验验证。结果表明:裂纹尖端处应力远大于裂纹中心应力。裂纹形状对应力影响作用较小,随着裂纹方向与管道轴向夹角增大,裂纹尖端应力先增大后减小,随着管道内压、裂纹深度、裂纹长度的增大,裂纹尖端处应力随之线性增大。其中,裂纹长度对裂纹尖端应力的影响小于管道内压和裂纹深度。     

关于山区高速外业勘察中若干问题的探讨

近几年来,我国山区高速建设里程日益增加.因受复杂地形、地质条件的限制,山区高速的外业勘察具有其独有的关键技术难点,应在普通建设条件下的作业内容、作业方式的基础上,采取针对性的对策措施,确保外勘资料满足设计需求.     

A design method of tensile triangles and low transformation temperature weld metal for reduction of stress concentration and residual stress of welded joints

Stress concentration and residual stress have a significant influence on fatigue life of welded joints. In order to reduce the stress concentration of welded joints, a mathematical design method of tensile triangles (MTT) based on bionics was applied to weld shape design. Accordingly, the stress concentration of various weld beads in the corner boxing welded joint and the fillet welded T-joint was dissected using our in-house FEM software JWRIAN. It was found that there existed a large stress concentration in the conventional welded joints, whereas those welded joints with elongated weld bead were accompanied by a lower stress concentration, especially for elongated weld bead with MTT design. Furthermore, among the weld shapes of the corner boxing fillet welded joint, the rectangle shape of weld bead had the minimum stress concentration factor (1.05). For the fillet welded T-joint with MTT design, the stress concentration of weld toe decreased dramatically with the increase of the index of designed shape, but there was a minor difference of stress concentration at weld root between the weld beads with MTT design. In addition, application of low transformation temperature (LTT) weld metal utilizing martensitic transformation to the fillet welded T-joints can produce compressive residual stress at weld toe.     

管道惯性测绘系统研制及应用

针对管道中心线地理坐标信息的测量需求,基于惯性导航原理,研制了以管道内检测器为载体的管道中心线测绘内检测设备,并将其与漏磁内检测器结合进行工程应用。选取了5处已知点对测绘结果进行了验证,测绘结果和实际验证结果表明:研制的惯性导航内检测器能够准确测绘管道中心线轨迹坐标,在校验点间距约为2 km时,5个距校验点约1 km的已知点的平均测绘误差约为1.8 m;通过将惯性导航检测器与漏磁检测器的组合使用,可有效获取管道缺陷的地理坐标信息,提高了管道内检测缺陷检测定位的精度。     

Mode jumping in the lateral buckling of subsea pipelines

Unburied subsea pipelines under high-temperature conditions tend to relieve their axial compressive stress by forming localised lateral buckles. This phenomenon is traditionally studied under the assumption of a specific lateral deflection profile (mode) consisting of a fixed number of lobes. We study lateral thermal buckling as a genuinely localised buckling phenomenon by applying homoclinic (‘flat’) boundary conditions. By not having to assume a particular buckling mode we are in a position to study transitions between these traditional modes in typical loading sequences. For the lateral resistance we take a realistic nonlinear pipe-soil interaction model for partially embedded pipelines. We find that for soils with appreciable breakout resistance, i.e., nonmonotonicity of the lateral resistance characteristic, sudden jumps between modes may occur. We consider both symmetric and antisymmetric solutions. The latter turn out to require much higher temperature differences between pipe and environment for the jumps to be induced. We carry out a parameter study on the effect of various pipe-soil interaction parameters on this mode jumping. Away from the jumps post-buckling solutions are reasonably well described by the traditional modes whose analytical expressions may be used during preliminary design.     

基于职业能力的高职会计实践教学体系的重构

文章通过分析高职会计专业构建实践教学体系的必要性入手，分析会计职业能力的内涵，从会计课程体系、实训项目体系、实训项目教学设计三个方面探索了现代高职会计实践教学体系的构建，拓展会计实践教学的实训资源，完善构建实践教学体系的机制。     

递进式连锁经营管理专业实践教学改革研究——基于加盟创业项目视角

连锁经营管理专业人才培养目标大多定位在一线服务员或基层管理者，所培养的学生必须具备较强的连锁专业能力和创业能力，而大多数高职院校培养出来的学生在这些方面所表现出来的能力却差强人意，尤其是创业能力方面。本文提出将加盟创业项目贯穿于连锁经营管理实践教学全过程，按照“仿真训练-校内孵化-校内模拟-市场全真”四个阶段，形成一个递进式的实践教学流程，从而促使学生的专业能力和创业能力实现递进式提升。     

探地雷达在桥梁预应力管道定位检测中的应用

对预应力管道进行定位检测,是目前桥梁无损检测技术的一个重要问题,在阐述探地雷达无损检测技术原理和方法的基础上,通过室内模型试验,并结合工程实例说明了高精度探地雷达在桥梁预应力管道定位检测中的应用,及其无损、简易、效率高、精度高、抗干扰能力强的优点,为准确评价桥梁结构耐久性和安全使用功能提供科学依据。     

Design,analysis and performance evaluation of a third order distributed protocol for platooning in the presence of time-varying delays and switching topologies

This paper is concerned with the problem of designing a decentralized consensus protocol for platooning of non-identical vehicles in the presence of heterogeneous time-varying communication delays. The proposed control protocol makes use of a state feedback and to this aim drivetrain dynamics are modeled as third-order linear systems. Necessary and sufficient conditions for convergence and exponential stability, derived by using an appropriate Krasovskii functional, demonstrate the ability of the platoon in reaching the required regime with an exponentially bounded behavior. The proposed LMI-based approach allows to estimate both delay margin and decay rate. Moreover, convergence is proven under switching communication network topologies by means of a Lyapunov-Razumikhin function, and the assessment of a string stable behavior has been also theoretically investigated. High-fidelity simulations with Plexe show the effectiveness of the theoretical results in different driving conditions and in the presence of external disturbances and communication impairment. Different communication channel models are used in the validation stage to further prove robustness of the proposed methodology with respect hard delay and packets losses.     

CCS水电站引水隧洞双护盾TBM施工围岩分类研究

为了对双护盾TBM隧洞施工中的围岩进行分类,以厄瓜多尔CCS水电站引水隧洞为例,参考RMR围岩分类方法,通过伸缩护盾的间隙和刀盘的空隙对洞壁和掌子面围岩进行观测,结合岩渣及掘进参数,获取岩石的质量指标RQD、节理间距和节理性状等信息。通过综合分析,选取岩石的回弹值、围岩的完整性、岩石的质量指标RQD、刀盘推力、刀盘扭矩、片状岩渣含量和地下水渗流量作为围岩分类的指标,然后对7个指标分别赋值,建立围岩的分类标准,并通过求和的方法进行综合围岩分类。分类结果表明:选取的7个指标可以克服双护盾TBM施工时无法对围岩进行全面地质素描的困难,可以满足TBM快速施工的需要,并且能较真实地反映围岩的情况,分类结果可靠。