卫星通信地球站干扰条件下性能仿真与分析

文章分析了地球站在干扰情况下系统误码率计算方法,谈论了卫星通信中主要的干扰信号样式,并给出了几种常见干扰信号的表达式和功率谱密度,然后利用MATLAB/Simulink建立了卫星通信干扰模型,分别仿真了单音信号,多音信号和脉冲信号干扰地球站接收系统。通过仿真分析,得到了三种干扰信号对地球站的干扰效果,对地球站抗干扰具有指导意义。     

某大跨桥梁运营初期结构状态的检测与分析

为了防止大跨桥梁在运营中出现由于各种原因引起的损伤破坏,需对桥梁的运营状况进行长期监测,在经费困难的情况下,通过运营初期在不良时段对桥梁结构的应力及变形进行观测是一个较好的措施.以某大跨连续刚构桥为背景,连续2年每年在冬季最冷、夏季最热时采用精密水准仪对其承台的沉降、主梁的线形进行测量,采用振弦式应变传感器、辅以光纤传...     

一种改进的疲劳裂纹扩展表达式

疲劳裂纹扩展率表达式是采用疲劳裂纹扩展理论预报疲劳寿命的核心.迄今为止,已有上百种不同的疲劳裂纹扩展率公式被提出.近年来,作者们致力于对新近提出的裂纹扩展率公式进行比较研究.通过初步研究发现,McEvily公式能解释比较多的异常疲劳现象,因此,它有比较强的预报能力,值得作深入研究.本文针对它采用固定斜率不能与很多实验结果有很好拟合的缺点,提出采用变斜率的改进形式.通过采用不同材料(钛合金D16Cz、铝合金D16Cz、ARMCO-iron)、不同应力条件(R≥0、R＜0、R=-∞)下的疲劳裂纹扩展数据进行分析验证,发现不管是疲劳短裂纹扩展还是疲劳长裂纹扩展,改进后的McEvily关系均具有良好的疲劳性能预测能力.     

接触网雷击跳闸率的新算法

结合接触网的受雷情况和结构特点建立接触网的雷击模型,分别给出线路遭受直接雷击和感应雷击时接触网的耐雷水平计算公式。基于广义积分法,提出计入感应雷击的计算接触网雷击跳闸率的方法。以常见的复线接触网为例,按照给出的模型和计算方法计算接触网的跳闸率,并将计算结果与实际情况比较。研究结果表明:接触网遭受感应雷击时的耐雷水平较低,因感应雷击造成的接触网雷击跳闸次数占总雷击跳闸次数的31.6%,感应雷击对接触网的跳闸影响是明显的;计入感应雷击计算的总跳闸次数更接近实际运行值。     

盾构泡沫剂的性能指标测试与分析

目前国内盾构泡沫剂产品尚未形成统一的评价标准,性能指标的选取与参数范围的界定也存在分歧。同时,针对产品的研究也大部分集中于末端应用方面,在基础性能的分析及其指标测试方面的研究工作较少。以市场上常见的6种泡沫剂为研究对象,通过其性能指标的测试与分析,给出合理的参数范围;并以此为依据,探究其中的相互关系与影响,特别增加了泡沫液与黏土接触角、泡沫膨胀损失率这两项性能指标,用于分析泡沫液与黏土表面的作用关系和盾构泡沫剂的发泡能力,说明其必要性,并给出合理的参考范围,其中泡沫液与黏土接触角通常在13°~30°之间,泡沫膨胀损失率应低于10。研究成果可为行业标准的出台提供技术支持。     

基于全数检验与定时截尾试验的地铁列车整车可靠性验收方法

提出地铁列车可靠性验收的基本条件,分别介绍了基于定时截尾试验、序贯截尾试验和全数检验的3种经典的可靠性验收方法;提出基于全数检验和定时截尾试验的地铁列车整车可靠性验收方法,设计了可靠性验收的流程;以某一具体项目为例,对该可靠性验收方法进行了验证。结果证明:基于全数检验与定时截尾试验的地铁列车整车可靠性验收方法是有效的,可以节省试验时间。     

Traffic impact analysis of inspection area site selection at a foreign trade container terminal

ABSTRACT

To improve the security and efficiency of terminal operations, a key issue for land area layout at a foreign trade container terminal is to plan and design an inspection area. Since it directly affects terminal traffic, while determining inspection area site selection, we should pay a great attention to operations and management of terminal traffic as well as container inspection. This paper employs a system decomposition technique to develop an integrated simulation framework, which enables us to flexibly obtain the whole picture of terminal traffic conditions and evaluate traffic impacts of inspection area site selection. A real-world terminal with typical patterns of land area layout is chosen to carry out a case study, which shows that traffic flow is unevenly distributed on the terminal road network and that the distribution is influenced by truck streams at the terminal. New findings also include: (1) traffic volume at the terminal apron is rather unbalanced in association with the non-continuous utilization of berths; (2) a proper inspection area should be located near the gate if the terminal conditions permit from the perspective of terminal traffic. This work may provide a decision-making reference for the planning and construction of foreign trade container terminals.     

滑差对贝氏体钢轨材料磨损行为的影响

通过对磨试验研究接触应力相同时贝氏体钢轨的磨损率、表面粗糙度、硬度,并结合扫描电镜观测到的磨损表面和剖面的形貌特征,分析不同滑差条件下贝氏体钢轨的磨损行为特征和变化规律.结果表明:接触应力为500 MPa条件下,贝氏体钢轨磨损率随滑差的增大而显著增大,滑差由2%增大到10%时磨损率增大了8倍;小滑差条件下的贝氏体钢轨表面较光滑,有少量疲劳裂纹,以滚动接触疲劳磨损为主;大滑差条件下表面粗糙,有疲劳裂纹、剥落坑和表面划擦痕迹,更接近滑动磨损;增大滑差可导致磨损表面加工硬化率偏大;增大滑差对贝氏体钢轨表面的滚动接触疲劳裂纹在深度方向的扩展几乎无影响,且对塑性变形层厚度影响不明显;大滑差可引发亚表面次表层裂纹.     

Factors affecting public transportation usage rate: Geographically weighted regression

As the number of private vehicles grows worldwide, so does air pollution and traffic congestion, which typically constrain economic development. To achieve transportation sustainability and continued economic development, the dependency on private vehicles must be decreased by increasing public transportation usage. However, without knowing the key factors that affect public transportation usage, developing strategies that effectively improve public transportation usage is impossible. Therefore, this study respectively applies global and local regression models to identify the key factors of usage rates for 348 regions (township or districts) in Taiwan. The global regression model, the Tobit regression model (TRM), is used to estimate one set of parameters that are associated with explanatory variables and explain regional differences in usage rates, while the local regression model, geographically weighted regression (GWR), estimates parameters differently depending on spatial correlations among neighbouring regions. By referencing related studies, 32 potential explanatory variables in four categories, social-economic, land use, public transportation, and private transportation, are chosen. Model performance is compared in terms of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and spatial autocorrelation coefficient (Moran’ I). Estimation results show that the GWR model has better prediction accuracy and better accommodation of spatial autocorrelation. Seven variables are significantly tested, and most have parameters that differ across regions in Taiwan. Based on these findings, strategies are proposed that improve public transportation usage.