基于MMLS3试验的混合料离析对沥青路面长期高温性能的影响

利用小型加速加载设备（MMLS3）分别对吉珲高速沥青路面上面层（SMA-16）和中面层（AC-20）进行加速加载试验研究,在分析判断中、上面层沥青混合料沿横断方向的离析程度的基础上,通过室内加速加载20万次试验,研究不同施工空隙率离析及不同重复荷载作用次数对中、上面层长期高温车辙的影响规律。研究结果表明：施工空隙率离析对沥青路面长期高温性能影响显著;上面层和中面层对应重复加载次数下的车辙深度随离析程度的增加而增大,其中对中面层的影响更为显著;累积加载达到10万次后,路面结构材料内部出现了应力疲劳,重度离析试件的车辙发展出现突变,20万次时车辙变化率要高出无离析试件276%。     

Controlling road congestion via a low-complexity route reservation approach

This work introduces a novel route reservation architecture to manage road traffic within an urban area. The developed routing architecture decomposes the road infrastructure into slots in the spatial and temporal domains and for every vehicle, it makes the appropriate route reservations to avoid traffic congestion while minimizing the traveling time. Under this architecture, any road segment is admissible to be traversed only during time-slots when the accumulated reservations do not exceed its critical density. A road-side unit keeps track of all reservations which are subsequently used to solve the routing problem for each vehicle. Through this routing mechanism, vehicles can either be delayed at their origin or are routed through longer but non-congested routes such that their traveling time is minimized. In this work, the proposed architecture is presented and the resulting route reservation problem is mathematically formulated. Through a complexity analysis of the routing problem, it is shown that for certain cases, the problem reduces to an NP-complete problem. A heuristic solution to the problem is also proposed and is used to conduct realistic simulations across a particular region of the San Francisco area, demonstrating the promising gains of the proposed solution to alleviate traffic congestion.     

浅议建立船舶载运危险货物长效管理机制

文中通过对辖区危险货物运输、作业现状和发展趋势的分析，明确了辖区危险货物监管重点，提出了建立辖区船载危险货物监督长效管理机制的构想。     

不同错台量对复合型密封垫影响及长期防水预测

为研究盾构隧道管片接缝不同错台量对复合型密封垫防水性能的影响,从复合型密封垫遇水膨胀橡胶块二次防水效应出发,在不同错台量条件下分别从密封垫-密封垫接触面和密封垫-密封槽接触面2 个方面分析复合型密封垫防水渐进失效机制,同时基于阿累尼乌斯方程的“P-T-t”三元模型对复合型密封垫长期防水性能进行预测。研究结果表明: 1) 复合型密封垫遇水膨胀橡胶块发生膨胀作用,能够有效增加密封垫间接触面应力,并且密封垫渗漏处主要出现在密封垫与密封垫接触面上; 2) 对于密封垫与密封槽接触面防水能力,随着接缝错台量的增大,对遇水膨胀橡胶块膨胀作用的影响显著; 3) 管片接缝间的张开量和错台量对复合型密封垫的长期防水性能影响显著,并且复合型密封垫长期防水性能随着老化时间先急剧下降后达到平稳状态。     

强直刺激的脉冲串间隔在LTP诱导中的重要作用

目的　比较不同参数的强直刺激在海马CA1区长时程增强(LTP)形成中的作用,探讨诱导海马CA1区LTP的适宜强直刺激。方法　采用不同参数的强直刺激在海马脑片的 CA1 区诱导 LTP。在 Schaffer侧枝上给予强直刺激后,记录CA1区锥体细胞的细胞外场电位(fEPSPs),分析不同参数诱导的 fEPSPs。我们使用4种串长和间隔不同而频率均为100 Hz的强直刺激:参数1为60个脉冲的短串刺激,3串为1组,串间隔200 ms,共5组,组间隔逐渐延长;参数2为300个脉冲总数的长串刺激,串间隔为 2 s;参数 3 为 60 个脉冲总数的短串刺激,串间隔为 2 s;参数 4 为60个脉冲的单串刺激。结果　参数1诱导的LTP的幅度及发生率均较其他3个参数的高;参数1和参数3可诱导出持续时间超过3 h的长持续 LTP(long lasting LTP, LL- LTP)。结论　串间隔为 200 ms(串频率相当于θ波)的高频强直刺激是海马CA1区诱导LTP的较好参数;100 Hz的短串刺激可以诱导海马CA1区的LL- LTP。     

关于客运专线四电工程施工前预留接口工作探讨

客运专线工程是一项复杂的系统工程,是路基、桥梁、隧道、无砟轨道等站前工程与电力、电气化、通信、信号、信息等站后工程的集合体。为满足站后工程的需要,路基、桥梁、隧道、无砟轨道等站前工程的施工都必须预留工程接口,以方便电力、电气化、通信、信号、信息等四电专业器件安置、设备安装、电缆(光缆)穿越和系统保护接地需要。     

A box model approach for a long-term assessment of estuarine eutrophication, Szczecin Lagoon, southern Baltic

We develop a layered “box model” to evaluate the major effects of estuarine eutrophication of the Szczecin lagoon which can be compared with integrating measures (chlorophyll a (Chl a), sediment burial, sediment oxygen consumption (SOC), input and output of total nutrient loads) and use it to hindcast the period 1950–1996 (the years when major increase in nutrient discharges by the Oder River took place). The following state variables are used to describe the cycling of the limiting nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus): phytoplankton (Phy), labile and refractory detritus (D_N, D_Nref, D_P, D_Pref), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and oxygen (O₂). The three layers of the model include two water layers and one sediment layer. Decrease of the carrying capacity with respect to the increased supply of organic matter of the system with advancing eutrophication over the period studied is parameterized by an exponential decrease of the sediment nitrogen fluxes with increasing burial, simulating changing properties from moderate to high accumulating sediments. The seasonal variation as well as the order of magnitude of nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton stocks in the water column remains in agreement with recent observations. Calculated annual mean values of nutrient burial of 193 mmol N m⁻² a⁻¹ and 23 mmol P m⁻² a⁻¹ are supported by observed values from geological sediment records. Estimated DIN remineralization in the sediments between 100 and 550 mmol N m⁻² a⁻¹ corresponds to SOC measurements. Simulated DIP release up to 60 mmol P m⁻² a⁻¹ corresponds to recent measurements. The conceptual framework presented here can be used for a sequential box model approach connecting small estuaries like the Szczecin lagoon and the open sea, and might also be connected with river box models.     

大跨径预应力混凝土箱梁桥长期下挠问题的研究现状

近年来,大跨径预应力混凝土箱梁桥的下挠现象日益威胁结构安全,而导致这一现象的原因仍然没有完全明确。从混凝土的收缩徐变、预应力效应、箱梁开裂的影响、现有计算与防治手段等方面,对国内外在大跨径预应力混凝土箱梁桥下挠问题上的研究现状进行了总结与综合评价分析;对导致下挠问题的主要成因与研究难点在机理上进行了解释。最后,对桥梁设计计算、桥梁混凝土施工及箱梁下挠的防治技术进行论述,并对开展控制结构长期下挠的研究提出了建议。     

千岛湖大桥钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋混凝土徐变效应研究

结合千岛湖大桥施工及成桥的长期监测项目,通过实测数据分析,探讨了大跨径钢管混凝土拱结构的徐变效应问题。提出了实测弹性计算比的概念,根据该指标的分析,总结出四肢格构式钢管混凝土拱结构的长期受力状态和规律。这些结论和分析方法无论是对于钢管混凝土拱的徐变分析,还是大跨径钢管混凝土的拱桥设计,都提供了有益的参考。     

基于路径特征的自动化码头AGV自适应交通控制

针对集装箱码头双向导引自由路径环境下水平运输系统交通管理的难题,在考虑车辆物理尺寸、轨迹及行车规则的基础上,构建合理栅格单位的环境地图,建立多车多任务路径的交通控制模型,并提出一种基于路径特征的自适应交通控制方法,采用滚动调度策略和启发式策略的遗传算法进行算例试验。结果表明,相比于固定预留方法,所提出的方法以更小的区段为调度间隔,并形成自适应计划期,预留栅格数量更灵活,实现了灵活区段定义下的道路自适应预留调度并避免阻塞,提高了道路资源的利用率。