Origin软件在隧道监控量测数据处理中的应用

介绍Origin软件的基本功能及其应用。利用Origin软件实现了对量测数据的绘图、非线性拟合等处理,获得可靠的参数及直观的图形。以石龙山隧道施工监控中量测数据处理的实例,并据此指导了隧道的开挖作业和支护结构的设计与施工。     

On model-based longitudinal feed-forward motion control for low velocities on known road profiles

ABSTRACT

So far, longitudinal motion control has focused on situations like highway driving, where disturbances of the road profile can be neglected. In this paper, we show how the Two Point Tire Model can be used to derive a novel feed-forward control law for a vehicle's longitudinal motion that considers the effects of the road profile and can complement existing control approaches. For this purpose, we recapitulate the basic model assumptions and equations and briefly discuss how it can be used on arbitrary road profiles. Two approaches for implementation in a real vehicle are presented. Comparisons of these approaches in simulation and to a human driver of an experimental vehicle show that the controller can deal with stepped obstacles of up to 14?cm in height. However, the control performance is essentially limited by the actuator delay and human drivers outperform the controller due to their ability of sensing subtle vehicle motions. The results indicate that the control performance can be further improved by using a preview on the necessary drive torque, which can be provided by the solution that we propose.     

基于数据包络分析的高速公路指路标志地名数研究

随着路网的复杂化，指路标志信息量过载导致交通事故发生的现象日益显著。为了全面、系统地确定高速公路互通区指路标志的合理地名数，为高速公路指路标志的设置提供相应的改进建议，基于数据包络分析（DEA）方法，从驾驶人角度选取了反映其对指路标志认知反应水平的代表性指标，构建了高速公路互通区指路标志地名数研究的宏观模型。使用眼动仪和脑电仪在相关场景中进行室内驾驶模拟试验，以获取被试在不同地名数指路标志场景下的眼动行为、脑电以及驾驶行为数据。利用模型进行数据分析，得到驾驶人在地名数为4，5，6，7，8，9六种场景下，对指路标志认知反应的综合效率均值分别为0.983，0.956，0.902，0.796，0.699和0.617，再针对不同的指标集，进行指标敏感性分析，获取驾驶人在6种场景下的综合效率指数。通过试验发现：随着地名数的增多，驾驶人对指路标志认知反应的综合效率均值呈现下降趋势，当信息量超过其认知阈值时，系统综合效率值会迅速下降；不同地名数指路标志场景下，导致驾驶人认知反应效率低的原因存在差异，在对指路标志版面设计时应有针对性地予以改进；不同驾驶人对指路标志认知反应效率存在差异，所对应的标志地名数合理阈值也存在轻微差异，但总体上从驾驶人认知反应的角度考虑，高速公路指路标志的地名数阈值为6个。该研究从驾驶人对指路标志认知反应的角度，使用DEA方法构建了全面、系统的指标体系对指路标志的地名数进行了探析，为中国高速公路互通区指路标志的版面设置提供了参考。     

基于作战需求的数据链平台定位报告周期分析

文章以指控平台指挥战机打击敌机为例，在分析杀伤目标对平台定位报告周期要求的基础上，提出了一种基于作战需求的平台定位报告周期计算方法。所得结果与实际应用的数值基本吻合。     

虚拟仪器在内燃机测试中的开发应用

提出了一种由笔记本电脑及其专用数据采集器组成的内燃机测试仪器。着重就其工作原理，系统组成，特点及应用情况进行了论述。     

公路建设项目试验检测档案资料质量的控制

公路建设项目试验检测档案资料质量事关项目的竣工验收。通过分析当前试验检测档案资料存在的主要问题，并对如何做好试验检测工作，提高档案资料质量，针对性地提出一些建议和措施，经实践证明是行之有效的。     

战时公路军事运输决策支持平台及数据中心建设初探

战时公路军事运输决策支持平台及数据中心系统，主要包括数据库、模型库和知识库，能够实现信息服务、决策支持和知识管理三种功能。重点介绍了数据中心的数据结构和数据库接口的实现，以DELPHI编程语言为工具，可以在本系统中实现对战时公路网络数据资源的信息化管理。系统的建立，能够为战时公路军事运输保障提供决策依据和技术支持。     

An extended generalized filter algorithm for urban expressway traffic time estimation based on heterogeneous data

Travel time estimation and its variation for urban expressways are vital to both the information provision to road users, and the system evaluation and management for traffic administrators. Fruitful research efforts have been made to develop methodologies of reconstructing spatiotemporal traffic states mainly for freeways based on one or multiple data sources. However, few studies specifically focused on urban expressways. There are more intensive merging and diverging traffic due to short distances between ramps, for example, 300–500 m. Based on the empirical analysis of traffic data collected on a typical segment of a congested urban expressway, this study proposes an extended generalized filter algorithm for the urban expressway traffic state estimation based on heterogeneous data. More specifically, the multiple sources of data include both fixed sensor data (e.g., inductive loops or radar data) and global positioning system (GPS) probe vehicle data. This study compares the proposed algorithm and the traditional algorithm for freeways using data collected on the segment of expressway in Beijing, China. Results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method, as well as its feasibility and effectiveness.     

On the scattering of test data and the significance of the standard coefficients ‘dynamic stiffness’ and ‘loss angle’ for hydraulic engine mounts

Based on the test results, a study on the scattering of the standard coefficients c _dyn and δ within the test cycles on a standard testing machine as well as within the samples of a batch of hydraulic engine mounts is performed; furthermore, an estimate for the systematic error caused by the testing machine is given. By a simulated example, the pronounced sensitivity of the response of the engine to the scattering of c _dyn and δ as well as to even small deviations of the hysteresis curves for otherwise identical values of the standard coefficients is demonstrated. As a main result, it is found that the most important source of uncertainty is scattering within the batch, which, in conjunction with the observed sensitivity of the response of the engine, raises the question for the meaningful level of sophistication of a model for predictive purposes.     

一种实时轨道监测无线传感器网络与服务模型研究

列车在运行时,对轨道和路基等的承载设施进行全面监测并将获取的信息实时传送给机车操控人员和列车运行监控记录装置具有重要的科研和实用意义。以此为背景,本文建立一种多网关移动条件下对线路进行实时监测的无线传感器网络模型,描述网络的结构、定义传感数据生成的服务等级划分规则和数据的传输流程。提出一种在网关运动条件下基于相对位置信息的网络功率控制方法并进行相应的通信协议设计。仿真结果表明,在选择合理的底层通信协议的条件下,该网络能够保证监测数据的可靠传输,并满足节能和实时性要求。