基于船舶焊接工艺优化设计的探讨分析

文章主要以船舶焊接工艺为研究对象,针对传统焊接工艺的焊接效率低、焊接易变形且不能得到很好的控制等问题与不足,从船舶焊接工艺的质量要求出发,探讨分析出一种船舶修造中的高效焊接工艺,介绍了其设计方案和焊接流程,并从检测结果等方面论证了该焊接工艺具有焊接质量好、经济成本低、焊接效率高、焊接变形能得到很好的控制等优点.     

双电机耦合驱动电动汽车驱动模式划分与优化

为充分发挥一款双电机耦合驱动系统电动汽车(DMCP-EV)多驱动模式的节能优势,制定了基于系统效率最优的驱动模式控制策略。根据该双电机耦合驱动系统的结构特点,定义了电机4种驱动模式并分别建立其动力学驱动模型和系统效率模型。在满足动力性要求的前提下,分析并划分了各驱动模式的工作范围,以系统效率为优化目标,采用粒子群优化算法进行优化,获得最佳的驱动模式切换控制和转矩分配策略。开展了Matlab/Simulink仿真和硬件在环试验验证。结果表明,经系统效率优化的驱动模式在满足动力性要求的前提下,有效提高了双电机耦合驱动系统的经济性,能耗降低11%。     

Exploring the issue of integrating logistics and traffic control in urban areas

This paper proposes an optimization framework for urban transportation networks’ (re-)design which explicitly takes into account the specific decision-making processes of ordinary users and logistic operators. Ordinary users are typically commuters whose travels consist of well-defined pairs of origin and destination points, while logistic operators make deliveries at multiple locations. Obviously, these two user classes have different objectives and scopes of action. These differences are seldom considered in traffic research since most models aggregate the flow demand in OD matrices and use assignment models to predict the response of all users as if the dynamics of their optimization processes were of the same nature. This work demonstrates that better results can be achieved if the particular features of each user class are included in the models. It potentially improves the estimation of the responses and allows managers to shape their control measures to address specific user needs.     

双排钢板桩围堰结构加固优化分析研究

双排钢板桩围堰是上海地区水利工程中普遍使用的围堰形式,通过比较钢板桩典型支护结构的有限元数值计算结果和理论计算结果,验证了有限元模型参数的准确性,并针对围堰两侧堆载、被动区土体加固、拉杆布置等加固措施对围堰受力及变形的影响进行了深入研究,结果发现临土侧设置堆载、被动区土体横向加固及适当降低拉杆位置可以获得有效且经济的围堰内力及变形控制效果。     

Electric vehicle charging station locations: Elastic demand,station congestion,and network equilibrium

Battery-only electric vehicles (BEVs) generally offer better air quality through lowered emissions, along with energy savings and security. The issue of long-duration battery charging makes charging-station placement and design key for BEV adoption rates. This work uses genetic algorithms to identify profit-maximizing station placement and design details, with applications that reflect the costs of installing, operating, and maintaining service equipment, including land acquisition. Fast electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) are placed across a congested city's network subject to stochastic demand for charging under a user-equilibrium traffic assignment. BEV users’ station choices consider endogenously determined travel times and on-site charging queues. The model allows for congested-travel and congested-station feedback into travelers’ route choices under elastic demand and BEV owners’ station choices, as well as charging price elasticity for BEV charging users.Boston-network results suggest that EVCSs should locate mostly along major highways, which may be a common finding for other metro settings. If 10% of current EV owners seek to charge en route, a user fee of $6 for a 30-min charging session is not enough for station profitability under a 5-year time horizon in this region. However, $10 per BEV charging delivers a 5-year profit of $0.82 million, and 11 cords across 3 stations are enough to accommodate a near-term charging demand in this Boston-area application. Shorter charging sessions, higher fees, and/or allowing for more cords per site also increase profits generally, everything else constant. Power-grid and station upgrades should keep pace with demand, to maximize profits over time, and avoid on-site congestion.     

一种免疫算法的改进

针对一种免疫算法在求解多模态函数优化问题的不足,利用基于相似结构的小生境技术和近优淘汰算子对免疫算法加以改进.通过仿真实验,本文分析了交叉算子、变异算子及近优淘汰算子对算法的影响.仿真结果表明改进后的算法的性能有明显的提高.     

A second order volume of fluid （VOF） scheme for numerical simulation of 2-D breaking waves

Among all environmental forces acting on ocean structures and marine vessels, those resulting from wave impacts are likely to yield the highest loads. Being highly nonlinear, transient and complex, a theoretical analysis of their impact would be impossible without numerical simulations. In this paper, a pressure-split two-stage numerical algorithm is proposed based on Volume Of Fluid (VOF) methodology. The algorithm is characterized by introduction of two pressures at each half and full cycle time step, and thus it is a second-order accurate algorithm in time. A simplified second-order Godunov-type solver is used for the continuity equations. The method is applied to simulation of breaking waves in a 2-D water tank, and a qualitative comparison with experimental photo observations is made. Quite consistent results are observed between simulations and experiments. Commercially available software and Boundary Integral Method (BIM) have also been used to simulate the same problem. The results from present code and BIM are in good agreement with respect to breaking location and timing, while the results obtained from the commercial software which is only first-order accurate in time has clearly showed a temporal and spatial lag, verifying the need to use a higher order numerical scheme.     

基于CFD技术的暖风芯体结构设计与优化分析

某在研改款商用车空调箱暖风芯体单体换热性能较差,根据对标件初步优化后发现其换热性能更差,因此进行CFD定性仿真分析。通过流体分析研究发现基础模型芯体内部各扁管流量分配不均,初步优化后扁管流量分配更加不均匀,极大地降低了其换热性能,与试验反馈结果一致。根据流场仿真结果对其水室结构逐步优化,使得扁管流量分配比例的标准差值各工况下均提升了44%以上且芯体内流阻降低了约一倍。最终通过试验验证,单芯体的换热性能提高了3%-8%,满足了设计要求。     

战场抢修多目标多分队调度优化研究

基于多目标的战场抢修分队调度优化问题一直以来是装备指挥管理部门关注的问题之一.通过约束转换,确立了采用遗传算法进行多目标优化调度的模型,并详细地说明了遗传操作方法的设计,实例验证了遗传算法在多目标多分队调度问题处理过程中的有效性.     

考虑对地航速和航向的船舶典型轨迹提取方法

基于船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System, AIS)数据的船舶典型轨迹挖掘需要经过两个重要步骤,一是压缩 AIS 数据,二是聚类压缩后的 AIS 数据。传统的DP(DouglasPeucker)压缩算法,只考虑船舶轨迹的压缩形状,忽视了船舶航行中其他重要信息。为解决此问题,把对地航速和航向加入到DP算法的压缩过程中。在AIS轨迹聚类方面,传统谱聚类方法只对船舶轨迹的位置进行相似性度量,没有考虑船舶轨迹的其他维度,针对此问题,提出多属性轨迹相似性度量方法。由于不同的输入参数影响着最终的聚类质量,引入Calinski-Harabasz指标评价谱聚类算法,实现聚类参数的自适应选择。利用山东威海水域的实际AIS数据进行实例研究,并与传统谱聚类算法做比较实验。实验结果表明,利用该方法提取到的典型轨迹符合真实水域的交通情况,相较于传统谱聚类方法具有更高的聚类质量。