Tavis-Cummings模型中耦合双原子纠缠度的演化特性

主要考虑Tavis-Cumm ings(T-C)模型中有偶极-偶极相互作用的双原子和单模相干光场相互作用时原子间的纠缠演化规律.文章给出了模型中系统时间演化算符的具体形式,并且给出了两原子初始均处于基态时不同耦合程度下原子之间的纠缠演化曲线和原子布居差演化曲线,发现原子之间始终是纠缠的,纠缠度随时间作周期性振荡,振荡幅度和周期都与原子间的耦合强度密切相关,同时原子间纠缠度的演化与原子布居差的坍塌-恢复有关联.     

旅客列车内预防艾滋病健康教育方式的探讨

目的了解铁路旅客列车乘客艾滋病相关知识状况,探讨适合旅客需求特点的列车预防艾滋病健康教育方式,为今后在铁路系统开展预防艾滋病健康教育提供参考。方法对乘坐硬座车厢旅客采取自身前后对照方式,干预前后分别进行问卷调查和定性访谈,对采用的艾滋病健康教育材料和方式效果进行评价。结果列车旅客的艾滋病知识的知晓率有明显提高,某些主要传播途径及关键性知识在干预前后知晓率差异有统计学意义,其中以对母婴传播和蚊虫叮咬是否会传播艾滋病的正确回答率增幅最高,有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);旅客对列车艾滋病健康教育方式的评分,前四位依次为:艾滋病知识扑克牌(6.96分)、列车广播(6.77分)、宣传卡片(6.48分)和宣传手册(6.40分)。结论在列车上开展针对旅客的预防艾滋病健康教育,应考虑目标人群对宣传材料和健康教育方式的可接受性,结合铁路自身特点采取相应的预防艾滋病健康教育策略。     

熵权值模糊综合评判法在港口竞争力评价中的应用

通过对影响集装箱运输的各种因素进行深入分析,建立了评价集装箱港市场竞争力的指标体系。运用熵权值的方法确定各个指标的评价权重值,建立多级模糊综合评判模型。通过该模型对集装箱港口的市场竞争力进行评价,该模型在实际应用中取锝了较好的效果。     

在人口老龄化背景下探讨我国老龄产业发展问题

随着科学技术的进步和人民生活水平的提高,人口平均寿命的延长,我国正迎来一个前所未有的"银发浪潮"。如何适应未来人口发展趋势,大力发展老龄产业,是值得各级人民政府、企事业单位和社会各界高度关注、重视和思考的问题。针对目前老龄产业发展面临的困难与问题,本文提出五点建议,即提高对老龄产业的认识,抓好相关法规政策落实;因地制宜制定优惠政策、多方参与发展老龄产业;加强部门间的协调与配合,形成发展老龄产业的合力;切实转变营销服务观念,不断拓展老年消费市场;加大政策扶持力度,促进老龄产业又好又快发展。     

新疆地区7个少数民族遗传分化及基因流动特征

目的基于9个CODIS STR位点分型数据,探寻新疆地区7个主要少数民族的遗传分化及基因流动特征。方法计算杂合度、Nei遗传分化系数、Nei遗传距离以及Wright F统计量,使用确切概率法对民族分化水平进行统计检验;通过Mega构建系统发生树,Arlequin进行分子方差分析;应用R矩阵模型分析基因流动形式。结果7个少数民族平均杂合度均大于0.7,遗传分化系数小于2%,群体分化检验显示多数位点都有显著性差异;系统发生树和分子方差分析表明7个民族分为三支;R矩阵分析结果显示维吾尔、柯尔克孜以及乌兹别克族具有较高的基因流动水平,而回族基因流动形式呈现一定隔离性。结论新疆7个少数民族属于独立民族,但分化程度一般;其进化关系上较近,存在广泛的基因交流。     

Development of 19-plex Y STR system and polymorphism studies in Pakistani population

For the development of 19-plex Y STR system and polymorphism studies in locl ethnic populations sixteen markers of non-recombining regions (NRY) of Y chromosome, which show high power of discrimination among individuals, were selected in this study. Blood samples (600) were e.ollected from the males of three most common castes of Pakistani population (Arnin, Awan and Rajput) with different parent lineages. Three markers (DYS385a/b, DYS389Ⅰ/Ⅱ and YCAⅡa/b) among 16 Y STRs are double-targeted regions of the Y chromosome and thus provide two polymorphie peaks for each respective primer set. These 16 Y-STRs were developed into Megaplex system for simultaneous amplification of all markers within the population. The overall power of discrimination observed in focused populations was 60.5%, 66.5% and 55% in Rajput, Awan and Arain casts respectively. This discrimination power will be helpful in haman identification for forensic casework studies including sexual assaults and paternity testing.     

可持续发展政策下的交通运输发展战略

通过分析交通运输对经济社会发展正反两方面的影响,提出交通运输在可持续发展政策下的具体实施战略,建立起“资源节约型”的可持续发展交通运输体系。交通运输的可持续发展是一个长远而艰巨的任务,必须予以长期的重视和持续的研究,以保证交通运输业的健康稳定发展。     

实现人人拥有交通权的出行服务——法国实例

以法国为例,就如何保障弱势群体的交通权利展开探讨。从主管机构的角色分析入手,对其采取的区域政策、社区政策进行了介绍和评价,并分析了公共交通票价补贴政策的变迁及存在的问题。然后从社会工作者角度,归纳了社会工作机构针对弱势群体的交通支持措施的创新类型,分析了创新原则、局限性及面临的挑战。     

Solving network equilibrium problems on multimodal urban transportation networks with multiple user classes

The capacity of the high‐speed train to compete against travel demand in private vehicles is analysed. A hypothetical context analysed as the high‐speed alternative is not yet available for the route studied. In order to model travel demand, experimental designs were applied to obtain stated preference information. Discrete choice logit models were estimated in order to derive the effect of service variables on journey utility. From these empirical demand models, it was possible to predict for different travel contexts and individuals the capacity of the high‐speed train to compete with the car, so determining the impact of the new alternative on modal distribution. Furthermore, individual willingness to pay for travel time saving is derived for different contexts. The results allow us to confirm that the high‐speed train will have a significant impact on the analysed market, with an important shift of passengers to the new rail service being expected. Different transport policy scenarios are derived. The cost of travel appears to a great extent to be a conditioning variable in the modal choice. These results provide additional evidence for the understanding of private vehicle travel demand.     

Simulation based population synthesis

Microsimulation of urban systems evolution requires synthetic population as a key input. Currently, the focus is on treating synthesis as a fitting problem and thus various techniques have been developed, including Iterative Proportional Fitting (IPF) and Combinatorial Optimization based techniques. The key shortcomings of these procedures include: (a) fitting of one contingency table, while there may be other solutions matching the available data (b) due to cloning rather than true synthesis of the population, losing the heterogeneity that may not have been captured in the microdata (c) over reliance on the accuracy of the data to determine the cloning weights (d) poor scalability with respect to the increase in number of attributes of the synthesized agents. In order to overcome these shortcomings, we propose a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation based approach. Partial views of the joint distribution of agent’s attributes that are available from various data sources can be used to simulate draws from the original distribution. The real population from Swiss census is used to compare the performance of simulation based synthesis with the standard IPF. The standard root mean square error statistics indicated that even the worst case simulation based synthesis (SRMSE = 0.35) outperformed the best case IPF synthesis (SRMSE = 0.64). We also used this methodology to generate the synthetic population for Brussels, Belgium where the data availability was highly limited.