掏挖法地下连续墙施工工艺的研究

在扩建和改建的地下工程中,经常遇见施工区域内存在大量纵横交错的地下管线,对这些管线的拆除,不仅严重影响工程进度和公用设施的正常运行,而且严重影响了施工工期,更带来巨大的经济浪费。该文阐述一种在不进行管线切改的前提下进行地下连续墙施工的特殊方法,旨在促进地下连续墙的施工工艺得到进一步完善和提高。     

苏通大桥主墩基础冲刷防护工程质量控制

桥墩基础冲刷预防护是近年河口与沿海地区特大型桥梁试用的安全防护措施,根据江苏苏通大桥工程实际,介绍桥墩基础冲刷预防护的科研、设计、施工要点及质量控制。     

Deconstructing development density: Quality, quantity and price effects on household non-work travel

Smart growth and transit-oriented development proponents advocate increasing the density of new land development and infill redevelopment. This is partly in order to reduce auto use, by reducing distances between trip origins and destinations, creating a more enjoyable walking environment, slowing down road travel, and increasing the market for transit. But research investigating how development density influences household travel has typically been inadequate to account for this complex set of hypotheses: it has used theoretically unjustified measures, has not accounted for spatial scale very well, and has not investigated potentially important combinations of measures. Using data from a survey of metropolitan households in California, measures of development density corresponding to the main hypotheses about how density affects travel—activity density affecting distance traveled, network load density affecting the speed of auto travel, and built form density affecting the quality of walking—are tested as independent variables in models of auto trip speed and individual non-work travel. Residential network load density is highly negatively correlated with the speed of driving, and is also highly correlated with non-work travel, both singly and in combination with other measures. Activity density and built form density are not as significantly related, on their own. These results suggest that denser development will not influence travel very much unless road level-of-service standards and parking requirements are reduced or eliminated.     

Joint distortion model for progressive image transmission using error correcting arithmetic codes

A novel joint source channel distortion model was proposed, which can essentially estimate the average distortion in progressive image transmission. To improve the precision of the model, the redundancy generated by a forbidden symbol in the arithmetic codes is used to distinguish the quantization distortion and the channel distortion, all the coefficients from the first error one to the end of the sequence are set to be a value within the variance range of the coefficients instead of zero, then the error propagation coming from the entropy coding can be essentially estimated, which is disregarded in the most conventional joint source channel coding （JSCC） systems. The precision of the model in terms of average peak-signal-to-noise has been improved about 0.5 dB compared to classical works. An efficient unequal error protection system based on the model is developed, and can be used in the wireless communication systems.     

公路建设环境保护与绿色施工

对公路建设施工造成的环境污染及其危害性进行了分析,提出切实可行的文明施工、防止污染、新科技环保等综合措施,坚持可持续发展的科学发展观,发展文明施工、绿色施工。     

内河航道横流对船舶航行的影响

为了使船舶能安全通过航道内的横流区域,利用水槽进行遥控自航船模试验,提出了内河航道横流对船舶航行横漂速度、漂角、航迹带宽度和漂距影响的经验公式,分析了Ⅳ与Ⅴ级航道横向流速的限值范围。分析结果表明:横流对船舶航行的影响程度主要与对岸航速成反比,与横流的大小及区域长度成正比,与船型大小(航道等级)成反比,同时与驾驶员的航行经验和初始船位有关;在限制航路航行方式过程中,Ⅳ与Ⅴ级航道对岸航速为2、3、4m·s-1时,可克服的一个船长内横流限值为0.48、0.58、0.70m·s-1。     

沉管隧道变截面管段浮运水流力及系缆桩可靠性分析

为探索沉管隧道变截面管段浮运过程的水流力与系缆桩可靠性,以广州洲头咀沉管隧道为依托,借助CFD软件建立流体动力学模型,计算管段横向浮运所受的水流力并探讨规范水流力公式的适用性;以此为基础,利用ANSYS开展管段浮运系缆桩可靠性分析。研究表明： 1) 规范水流力公式具备一定的适用性,采用结构形式为矩形梁时对应的水流阻力系数会导致与数值计算结果存在不容忽视的差别,通过CFD计算结果修正后两者吻合较好; 2) 系缆桩处于弹性受力状态,刚度与强度均未被削弱,设计方案可满足浮运安全要求; 3) 钢丝绳拉力作用下管段结构混凝土处于带裂缝工作状态,需基于计算结果对系缆桩预埋件锚固区做局部加强以抑制裂缝发展。     

浅析汽车起动保护控制原理及应用

在市场调查中发现,由于误操作或钥匙机构故障,造成起动机长时间工作,导致起动机烧蚀,严重的会造成烧车的不良后果。本文介绍了EMC、BCM对起动机进行保护的两种控制原理,从而达到保护起动机的目的。     

杭州地下空间发展展望与研究

地下空间作为城市有机体的一部分,在未来城市建设中担任着重要的角色。文章分析杭州城市地下空间(地下交通设施、地下综合体、地下市政设施、人防设施)发展的特点。从开发总量与人均水平、空间分布与开发深度、开发功能3个方面介绍杭州市地下空间开发利用的现状,分析其存在的问题主要为政策及管理方面与功能开发方面。同时介绍未来杭州地下城的发展策略,并展望其发展蓝图。最后分析杭州市地下空间开发建设过程中亟待思考与解决的工程技术问题,包括:特殊地质及工程技术问题(粉土、粉砂地层,淤泥地层,上软下硬地层等问题;近接施工技术,地下立交技术等)、地下工程防灾问题、景区环境保护问题、地下空间全生命周期数字化工程。     

地铁杂散电流防护体系研究

通过对地铁直流供电系统杂散电流的形成、危害及传统排流法防护体系的分析,针对排流法防护体系中存在的问题,提出了新型的泄漏电缆 等电位连接法防护改进体系。