Data mining using regularized adaptive B‐splines regression with penalization for multi‐regime traffic stream models

This paper presents a new data mining method that integrates adaptive B‐spline regression and traffic flow theory to develop multi‐regime traffic stream models (TSMs). Parameter estimation is implemented adaptively and optimally through a constrained bi‐level programming method. The slave programming determines positions of knots and coefficients of the B‐spline by minimizing the error of B‐spline regression. The master programming model determines the number of knots through a regularized function, which balances model accuracy and model complexity. This bi‐level programming method produces the best fitting to speed–density observations under specific order of splines and possesses great flexibility to accommodate the exhibited nonlinearity in speed–density relationships. Jam density can be estimated naturally using spline TSM, which is sometimes hardly obtainable in many other TSM. Derivative continuity up to one order lower than the highest spline degree can be preserved, a desirable property in some application. A five‐regime B‐spline model is found to exist for generalized speed–density relationships to accommodate five traffic operating conditions: free flow, transition, synchronized flow, stop and go traffic, and jam condition. A typical two‐regime B‐spline form is also explicitly given, depending only on free‐flow speed, optimal speed, optimal density, and jam density. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Traffic signal timing problems with environmental and equity considerations

Traffic signal timings in a road network can not only affect total user travel time and total amount of traffic emissions in the network but also create an inequity problem in terms of the change in travel costs of users traveling between different locations. This paper proposes a multi‐objective bi‐level programming model for design of sustainable and equitable traffic signal timings for a congested signal‐controlled road network. The upper level of the proposed model is a multi‐objective programming problem with an equity constraint that maximizes the reserve capacity of the network and minimizes the total amount of traffic emissions. The lower level is a deterministic network user equilibrium problem that considers the vehicle delays at signalized intersections of the network. To solve the proposed model, an approach for normalizing incommensurable objective functions is presented, and a heuristic solution algorithm that combines a penalty function approach and a simulated annealing method is developed. Two numerical examples are presented to show the effects of reserve capacity improvement and green time proportion on network flow distribution and transportation system performance and the importance of incorporating environmental and equity objectives in the traffic signal timing problems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

自适应公交优先控制交叉口平均延误分析

以自适应公交信号优先控制交叉口为研究对象,提出了全新自适应公交信号优先控制交叉口车辆平均延误计算模型。并运用仿真测试平台,对该信号控制交叉口车辆平均延误进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明：较常规信号控制方法,自适应公交信号优先配时虽然有助于减少公交行车延误,但是对道路交通系统中的其他车辆通行会造成很大的干扰,对整个交叉口通行能力的影响不一定是正面的。车辆平均延误分析对公交优先策略的具体实行方式、城市交叉口信号控制算法优化及其服务水平的提升具有良好的指导作用和借鉴意义。     

黄河大河家至寺沟峡河段设计最低通航水位的推求

黄河大河家—寺沟峡河段受在建的大河家水电站和已建的寺沟峡水电站综合调节作用,河段水文条件变化复杂,要对该河段进行经济合理的整治开发必须以确定合理的设计最低通航水位为保证。结合枢纽的运行特征,建立一维数学模型对本河段设计最低通航水位进行研究,从而得到合理的设计最低通航水位。     

人工岛堤顶高程设计

综述了现有国标、行业标准、地方标准和国外标准中人工岛工程设计堤顶高程的相关内容,并结合工程实例,就影响高程的主要因素,如防护标准、设计潮位、越浪量等进行多角度分析。     

基于电容式传感器的油位测量系统研究

随着船舶自动化程度的不断提高,对船舶燃油舱的油位测量提出了更高的要求.针对船舶燃油舱的特点,设计了基于电容式油位传感器的油位测量系统,其原理是依靠测量传感器中介质的变化,获取油位的高度和油量,并实施了温度补偿和倾角补偿设计.实验结果表明,系统能够准确的以全量程线性化测量和显示.     

降低车内噪声的声学包优化研究

针对某车车内噪声偏大的问题,对整车声学包进行了材料与声学性能方面的优化,并对优化后的零部件声学性能进行了对比测试,同时通过对整车车内声压级和语言清晰度进行了对比测试,测试结果表明,声压级降低了2dB(A)左右,语言清晰度提升了大约10%,达到了车内降噪的目的,提升了客户满意度。     

干湿循环作用下高液限黏土抗剪强度试验研究

高液限粘土是一种不良土质,在我国南方多雨地区非常常见,采用高液限粘土填筑库区路基是公路建设过程中常见的技术问题之一。以不同次数的增湿和烘干过程模拟干湿循环条件,并对这种模拟下的高液限黏土在自主研发的大型直剪仪上不同垂直压力下进行直剪试验,得到0～5次干湿循环条件下高液限粘土的强度参数值,分析出在5次干湿循环后粘聚力和内摩擦角各自衰减54％和26％基本趋于稳定。     

JK302灯光水平调节开关的结构原理

介绍JK302灯光水平调节开关的结构、工作原理、性能测试等。     

沥青老化评价指标分析及老化程度研究

通过研究沥青老化的过程及规律,在对现行规范中评价沥青老化的各项指标进行试验分析的基础上,回归了沥青的老化指标与老化时间之间的关系,采用综合指标来确定沥青老化的速率及界定老化的等级,为后期进行旧沥青再生及旧沥青混合料性能的改善时,根据沥青材料的老化程度,采用相应的再生措施。