内燃机泄放失效机油存在的问题及解决方法

指出了内燃机油底壳上放油螺丝在使用中存在的问题 ,分析由此而引起的后果 ,提出了排放失效机油过程中所需达到的要求 ,介绍了内燃机机油专用放油阀门     

Relationships between Microbial Growth Parameters and Shelf Life of MAP Sliced Onions

Onion (Allium Cepa L.), abundant in essen-tial minerals and trace elements, is favorable in theworld. Fresh sliced onions could be eaten either di-rectly or after processed. These fresh cut onionsare very acceptable by consumers who look forhealthy food and have little preparation time[1]. Storage of intact onions has been widely stud-ied. Croci et al.[2]studied the effects of irradiationand long-term storage on the quality of Valencianasintética 14 onion variety during two consecutiveyears…     

Ecologically based hybrid life cycle analysis of continuously reinforced concrete and hot-mix asphalt pavements

An ecologically-based hybrid life cycle assessment model is used to evaluate the resource consumption and atmospheric emissions of continuously reinforced concrete and a hot-mix asphalt pavements. The cumulative mass and ecological resource consumption values are lower for continuously reinforced concrete, but the median values of cumulative energy and industrial energy consumption were lower for hot-mix asphalt. In addition, the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement results in a higher sensitivity for the ecological resource consumption of hot-mix asphalt compared to that of fly ash when use on the natural capital utilization of continuously reinforced concrete pavement. The cumulative and industrial exergy consumption values are significantly reduced with increases in reclaimed asphalt pavement and fly ash, and the use of low fuel transportation modes.     

高加速寿命试验下的干式离合器半联动热稳定性

针对干式离合器在半联动操作中的热失效问题, 研究了半联动过程中离合器的热稳定性。基于离合器半联动操作过程中的滑摩功, 得到了影响热稳定性的关键变量, 包括摩擦片轴向压力、相对滑磨转速和滑磨持续时间。结合干式离合器热模型和高加速寿命试验, 设计了强化加载剖面, 验证了摩擦片热模型的循环强化加载试验效果。为了分析高加速寿命试验下不同变量对热稳定性的影响程度, 通过正交试验和极差分析法, 研究了关键变量对摩擦片最高热点温度的影响。研究结果表明: 按影响程度由大到小排序, 3个关键变量依次为相对滑磨转速、滑磨持续时间和摩擦片轴向压力; 当发动机转速较低, 约为1 000 r·min^-1时, 热点温度始终保持在200℃以下的安全温度, 当发动机转速超过1 500 r·min^-1, 轴向压力超过2.0 kN, 滑磨持续时间超过8 s后, 热点温度将超过200℃的安全温度; 采取合适的半联动操作组合, 例如控制发动机的转速与频繁半联动操作的累计时间, 可以有效防止摩擦片热失效的发生。     

基于BIM的建设工程项目全寿命期集成管理研究

针对传统建设工程项目管理存在的问题,以BIM技术为视角来分析建设工程项目全寿命期集成管理。由于二者存在相似相通之处,通过二者的有机集成,构建基于BIM技术的建设工程项目全寿命期集成管理研究框架,提出BIM技术应用于建设工程项目全寿命期集成管理的建议,期望提高建设工程项目全寿命期集成管理水平,拓展BIM技术应用领域,丰富我国建设工程项目全寿命期集成管理的理论和方法体系。     

Commuting and wellbeing: a critical overview of the literature with implications for policy and future research

ABSTRACT

This review provides a critical overview of what has been learnt about commuting’s impact on subjective wellbeing (SWB). It is structured around a conceptual model which assumes commuting can affect SWB over three time horizons: (i) during the journey; (ii) immediately after the journey; and (iii) over the longer term. Our assessment of the evidence shows that mood is lower during the commute than other daily activities and stress can be induced by congestion, crowding and unpredictability. People who walk or cycle to work are generally more satisfied with their commute than those who travel by car and especially those who use public transport. Satisfaction decreases with duration of commute, regardless of mode used, and increases when travelling with company. After the journey, evidence shows that the commute experience “spills over” into how people feel and perform at work and home. However, a consistent link between commuting and life satisfaction overall has not been established. The evidence suggests that commuters are generally successful in trading off the drawbacks of longer and more arduous commute journeys against the benefits they bring in relation to overall life satisfaction, but further research is required to understand the decision making involved. The evidence review points to six areas that warrant policy action and research: (i) enhancing the commute experience; (ii) increasing commute satisfaction; (iii) reducing the impacts of long duration commutes; (iv) meeting commuter preferences; (v) recognising flexibility and constraints in commuting routines and (vi) accounting for SWB impacts of commuting in policy making and appraisal.     

大跨径桥梁伸缩缝全寿命设计体会

根据多年的工程实践经验,结合工程全寿命设计理念,对大跨径桥梁伸缩缝的设计、选型、施工安装和养护等方面进行了详细的技术总结,为工程技术人员提供了参考。     

基于时变可靠指标的桥梁剩余寿命预测

桥梁结构剩余寿命的预测对结构的安全使用具有重要指导意义。服役桥梁结构的抗力随时间逐渐退化,车辆荷载也是随时间变化的随机变量。本文采用时间离散法计算结构时变可靠指标,进而推知结构的剩余寿命。     

轿车后桥疲劳寿命的数字化预测研究

以某轿车后桥为例,介绍了疲劳寿命计算的理论基础和建立后桥精确有限元模型的方法。分别应用准静态法和随机振动法计算了后桥的疲劳寿命,讨论了频响分析带宽对振动疲劳分析方法的影响以及两种不同疲劳计算方法的区别和应用范围。结果表明,应用有限元仿真和试验相结合的方法可以有效地预测轿车关键零部件的疲劳寿命。     

基于模态应力恢复的汽车零部件虚拟疲劳试验方法

基于有限元模态分析、柔性多体动力学求解和疲劳寿命预测的相关理论,通过模态应力恢复得到了汽车零部件疲劳载荷历程,并将其应用于虚拟疲劳试验,解决了汽车设计过程中无法快速、准确预知零部件疲劳寿命的难题。该试验方法应用于某车双横臂独立前悬中的下横臂,在较短的时间内获得了该零件的预测疲劳寿命、寿命安全系数及危险部位等信息。结果表明该虚拟疲劳试验方法可作为汽车设计过程中的有效试验手段。