Schedule-based transit assignment model with vehicle capacity and seat availability

In this paper, we propose a new schedule-based equilibrium transit assignment model that differentiates the discomfort level experienced by sitting and standing passengers. The notion of seat allocation has not been considered explicitly and analytically in previous schedule-based frameworks. The model assumes that passengers use strategies when traveling from their origin to their destination. When loading a vehicle, standing on-board passengers continuing to the next station have priority to get available seats and waiting passengers are loaded on a First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS) principle. The stimulus of a standing passenger to sit increases with his/her remaining journey length and time already spent on-board. When a vehicle is full, passengers unable to board must wait for the next vehicle to arrive. The equilibrium conditions can be stated as a variational inequality involving a vector-valued function of expected strategy costs. To find a solution, we adopt the method of successive averages (MSA) that generates strategies during each iteration by solving a dynamic program. Numerical results are also reported to show the effects of our model on the travel strategies and departure time choices of passengers.     

Modeling capacity flexibility of transportation networks

Flexibility of the transportation system is one of the important performance measures needed to deal with demand changes. In this paper, we provide a quantitative assessment of capacity flexibility for the passenger transportation network using bi-level network capacity models. Two approaches for assessing the value of capacity flexibility are proposed. One approach is based on the concept of reserve capacity, which reflects the flexibility with respect to changes in terms of demand volume only. The second approach allows for variations in the demand pattern in addition to changes in demand volume in order to more fully capture demand changes. Two models are developed in the second approach to consider two types of capacity flexibility. The total capacity flexibility allows all users to have both route choice and destination choice when estimating capacity flexibility. The limited capacity flexibility estimates how much more demand volume could be added to a fixed demand pattern by allowing the additional demand to deviate from the fixed demand pattern. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the different concepts of capacity flexibility for a passenger transportation system under demand changes.     

对等网络视频点播系统中的用户行为研究

随着p2p VoD业务的快速增长,用户行为对整个系统性能的影响也越来越明显.掌握用户行为特点对提高p2p网络带宽利用率、优化资源替代算法、调整服务器带宽分配策略等一系列问题有重要的指导意义.本文通过分析实测VoD系统中的用户日志数据,建立了数学模型描述用户观看行为.仿真结果表明,该模型能够较为准确的反映用户行为的统计特征,较为全面地刻画出整个VoD系统中用户行为的基本规律,为进一步研究VoD系统的服务性能提供了理论依据.     

谈海轮长江航行进出锚地的操作

长江航线的船舶数量剧增,以及长江航道本身的复杂特性,使得这一水域的海事事故时有发生,而这其中海轮进出锚地时是发生海事的高发时段。本文论述了船舶进出锚地的基本操作步骤,分析了长江航道船舶进出锚地的操作要领及注意事项。     

谈高职院校图书馆的读者咨询服务

本文从高职院校图书馆工作性质出发,提出读者咨询活动在图书馆工作中的重要作用。再通过分析高职院校图书馆咨询服务存在的问题,从而提出怎样才能更好地完成高职院校图书馆的读者咨询活动。     

上海世博集约交通的实践与启示

为应对大规模、长时间、高强度的世博客流,世博会交通运行方案以集约化模式为主导,在没有实施强制性交通管控的前提下,世博交通组织及全市日常交通平稳有序、运行效果良好.通过分析世博游客出行特征及世博会期间对外交通、道路交通、轨道交通的运行特征,从设施建设、交通管理、配套政策、交通服务等方面总结世博集约交通的实践经验.借鉴世博...     

基于SD 仿真的广西北部湾港集疏运系统协调发展研究*

为分析港口集疏运系统的行为特征和发展趋势,首先依据协同论等相关理论,对港口集疏运系统协调发展内涵进行了界定。其次以广西北部湾港口为研究对象,运用系统动力学的原理及仿真方法,在系统分析和因果反馈分析的基础上建立了港口集疏运协调发展的系统动力学模型,包括港口吞吐需求、吞吐能力、集疏运结构及货源结构4个子模块。模型结构与行为等检验方式验证了该模型的有效性。最后基本模拟和政策模拟结果分析为港口集疏运发展决策提供理论依据和指导。     

三维边坡稳定性分析的一种适用方法

基于空间曲面上一点的应力关系、曲面至边坡表面土柱上力的微分平衡方程、力矩平衡方程,只需要一个假定条件,得出了一种广泛适用的三维边坡稳定性分析法,并讨论了方法应用中的有关问题。算例表明,该方法计算结果是合理的,具有广泛的应用意义。     

舰艇闭环消磁技术国内外研究现状

本文通过对国内外在闭环消磁技术研究方面的分析,指出美国已在低磁钢舰艇、钢壳水面舰和核潜艇上成功应用了闭环消磁系统;英国则在核潜艇上进行了应用;澳大利亚即将在潜艇上安装;法国和意大利在低磁钢舰艇上进行了成功应用。我国闭环消磁的研究才刚刚起步,一些关键技术急待解决,因此应加大资金投入和研发力度,攻克闭环消磁关键技术,从而显...