具备反侦察与抗截获特性的紫外光通信体制研究

从紫外光的传播特性看,它具有较强的大气散射和衰减特性,使其具有较强的绕射能力,能够有效实现非直视通信,同时能够有效控制信号的覆盖范围。因此,紫外光通信是一种具有良好反侦察、抗截获能力的通信技术体制。其中紫外光的调制解调与信道编译码技术是其关键技术。该文重点讨论多进制脉冲位置调制原理及方法,同时,也研究了各种编码方案,并提出了卷积编码作为其信道编译码的技术体制。     

The tax treatment of company cars, commuting and optimal congestion taxes

In Europe, the preferential tax treatment of company cars implies that many employees receive a company car as part of their compensation package. In this paper, we consider a model in which wages and the decision whether or not to provide a company car are the result of direct negotiation between employer and employee. Using this framework, we theoretically and numerically study first- and second-best optimal tax policies on labour and transport markets, focusing on the role of the tax treatment of company cars. We obtain the following results. First, higher labour taxes and a more favourable tax treatment of company cars raise the fraction employees that receives a company car; congestion and congestion tolls reduce it. Second, in countries that provide large implicit subsidies to company cars, eliminating the preferential tax treatment of company cars may be an imperfect but quite effective substitute for currently unavailable congestion tolls. The numerical illustration, calibrated using Belgian data, suggests that it yields about half the welfare gain attainable through optimal congestion taxes. Third, the favourable tax treatment of company cars justifies large public transport subsidies; the numerical results are consistent with zero public transport fares. Finally, we find that earlier models that ignored the preferential tax treatment of company cars may have substantially underestimated optimal congestion tolls in Europe. The numerical illustration suggests that about one third of the optimal congestion toll we obtain can be attributed to the current tax treatment of company cars.     

非接触式接触网检测车车体振动位移补偿系统

介绍了一种采用激光雷达(LMS)测距定位,非接触式测量接触网检测车车体振动位移系统,其基本原理是LMS得到车体相对于轨道的位移和角度,并通过以太网向从机发送数据.从机处理后向上级检测主机实时传输补偿数据,对动态拉出值进行补偿.     

基于HOTTEL日照辐射模型的船体温度变形预报方法

基于HOTTEL日照辐射模型,提出计及日照因素影响的船体温度变形预报方法,根据赤纬角和太阳时角等参数计算船体表面日照辐射强度,与二维稳态热传导理论和薄壁梁弯曲理论结合,计算船体梁水平和垂向弯曲变形。以某典型超大型油船为例,计算不同季节考虑日照辐射的船体变形,预报结果与有限元计算结果在夏季和冬季分别相差约3.97%和14.29%,满足工程应用要求。