用于列车网络的司机显示单元的系统设计与实现

地铁列车司机显示单元(DDU:Dirver Display Unit)作为列车网络的重要部分,是完成人机对话和系统信息显示的重要系统.为驾驶员的操作及地铁车辆安全运行提供信息保证.本设计选择X86架构计算机作为DDU单元的硬件平台,嵌入Linux操作系统,构建了基于CANopen通信协议的地铁列车司机显示单元.本文详细介绍了DDU的系统原理和软件架构设计.     

车务培训考试系统的设计

利用计算机技术设计的车务培训考试系统,可以增强车务段接发列车人页的模拟演练.该系统通过Internet和局域网,真正实现无纸化网络培训和考试.     

现代铁路列车跟踪与定位技术的研究

通过对国内外现代铁路列车跟踪与定位技术的研究,提出适合我国国情的基于全球定位系统和铁路无线通信网络的现代铁路列车跟踪与定位的系统方案,并结合具体试验验证其可行性与可靠性.     

用户多归属的网络货运平台竞争策略研究

网络货运平台是典型的双边市场,货运平台企业的竞争策略受用户归属行为的影响.基于Salop圆形市场模型构建3个企业的竞争博弈模型,从用户视角出发,分析货主方为单归属用户且车主方为部分多归属用户的情形下对双边用户的注册费和效用、货运平台利润以及社会总福利等的影响.研究结果表明:部分多归属的车主方接入货运平台的注册费高于单归...     

高速铁路声屏障在列车风致脉动力与自然风荷载下的数值模拟

基于三维、定常、不可压缩、粘性流体的RANS方程和κ-ε两方程模型,运用计算流体力学软件Fluent,对在列车风致脉动力与自然风荷载联合作用下的高速铁路声屏障进行数值模拟,分析在不同的风向角及风速下,自然风荷载对声屏障所受列车风致脉动力的影响。结果表明:自然风荷载对声屏障所受的脉动峰压影响较大,在对声屏障进行结构静力学设计时必须考虑自然风荷载的影响。     

太阳辐射与青藏线列车运行时刻关联性研究

考虑青藏线（格-拉段）高海拔、强太阳辐射的气候特征,计算了沿线不同地区月平均太阳辐射强度,并与文献结果进行了比对.获得了列车行经不同站点时单位时间车身表面吸收的太阳辐射量及一个运行周期内吸收的太阳辐射总量,分析了各次列车对太阳辐射吸收量存在差异的原因.另外,从节能与出行便利性的角度对目前各次列车运行时刻的合理性进行了探讨.     

轨道交通延误条件下列车跳站与客流控制协同优化模型

针对城市轨道交通突发列车延误问题,统筹考虑行车秩序的恢复和乘客出行体验,提出列车调整与客流控制协同优化方法。首先分析延误条件下城轨列车调整和客流控制的措施及效果,构建以跳站停车和多车站客流控制为手段的双层线性规划模型。上层模型以列车总延误最小为目标,以列车载客能力为约束;下层模型以上车客流量最大为目标,以列车载客能力和控流率均衡为约束。采用灵敏度分析算法求解模型,并以北京地铁亦庄线故障延误事件为例,验证模型和算法的有效性。结果表明：采用跳站停车与进站客流协同控制可使延误列车行程时间缩短5.2%,使各车站进站率方差降低97.8%,在保障乘客公平性的条件下提高列车运行和乘客集散效率。     

刚柔耦合配气机构动力学仿真研究

为研究船用柴油机配气机构运动过程中弹性变形对运动和受力的影响,6L21/31柴油机的配气机构作为研究对象。应用Pro/E软件平台和ADAMS软件平台,建立其多刚体动力学模型。将气门杆和挺杆这两个弹性变形大的零件进行柔性化处理后,建立其刚柔耦合动力学模型。并将多刚体动力学模型和刚柔耦合动力学模型仿真的结果与经典动力学计算结果进行比较分析。结果表明考虑零部件的弹性变形,能够更准确的反应配气机构的运动情况,可以进一步为柴油机配气机构的优化设计和改进提供可靠依据。     

Impact of Everyday Weather on Individual Daily Travel Behaviours in Perspective: A Literature Review

Despite the hundreds of billions of dollars being spent on infrastructure development -- from roads, rail and airports to energy extraction and power networks to the Internet -- surprisingly little reliable knowledge exists about the performance of these investments in terms of actual costs, benefits and risks. This paper presents results from the first statistically significant study of cost performance in transport infrastructure projects. The sample used is the largest of its kind, covering 258 projects in 20 nations worth approximately US$90 billion (constant 1995 prices). The paper shows with overwhelming statistical significance that in terms of costs transport infrastructure projects do not perform as promised. The conclusion is tested for different project types, different geographical regions and different historical periods. Substantial cost escalation is the rule rather than the exception. For rail, average cost escalation is 45% (SD=38), for fixed links (tunnels and bridges) it is 34% (62) and for roads 20% (30). Cost escalation appears a global phenomenon, existing across 20 nations on five continents. Cost estimates have not improved and cost escalation not decreased over the past 70 years. Cost estimates used in decision-making for transport infrastructure development are highly, systematically and significantly misleading. Large cost escalations combined with large standard deviations translate into large financial risks. However, such risks are typically ignored or underplayed in decision-making, to the detriment of social and economic welfare.     

Choosing Public Transport—Incorporating Richer Behavioural Elements in Modal Choice Models

The development of behaviourally richer representations of the role of well-established and increasingly important influences on modal choice, such as trip time reliability and accounting for risk attitude and process rules, has moved forward at a fast pace in the context of automobile travel. In the public transport setting, such contributions have, with rare exception, not been considered. In this paper, we discuss and empirically illustrate the merits of advanced modelling developments aimed at improving our understanding of public transport choice, namely the inclusion of reliability in extended expected utility theoretic forms, to recognize risk attitude and perceptual conditioning, the consideration of passenger crowding and its inclusion in linear additive models, and the role of multiple heuristics in representing attribute processing as a way of conditioning modal choice. We illustrate the mechanics of introducing these behaviourally appealing extensions using a modal choice data set collected in Sydney.