Adoption intentions for micro-mobility – Insights from electric scooter sharing in Taiwan

Micro-mobility may alleviate a number of challenges facing big cities today, and offer a pathway toward more sustainable urban transportation. This research investigates what factors influence university students’ intention to use an electric scooter sharing service. A theoretical framework adapting the theory of planned behaviour was used. Survey responses from 471 university students in Taiwan were collected. Data were analysed using factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Respondents with different levels of usage intention and in different stages of behavioural change display distinct reasoning patterns. Lack of perceived compatibility with personal values, mobility needs and life-style particularly drives students with low usage intention and pre-contemplators, who show signs of “green hypocrisy”. Awareness-knowledge about the sharing system and environmental values influence the formation of usage intention in indirect ways. This study is intended to be a reference for subsequent conceptual and empirical work on e-scooter sharing in particular, and shared mobility with other types of powered two-wheelers.     

Travel attitudes and mode use among Asian international students at an Australian university

International students and immigrants in general are fuelling the growth in Australia’s population and the pressure that is putting on its urban transport systems. Yet, we know very little about their travel habits and limited previous research has been previously undertaken to address this gap. To address this research need, this study draws on a survey that was designed and distributed online and on-campus to students at Australia’s largest university (Monash University). Using multivariate statistical tools including factor analysis and multinomial logistic regression, significant differences were found between native-born Australian and Asian international students with regards to their mode perceptions, present travel habits and socio-demographics. For Asian students, attitudes towards non-car mode decrease and car-dependency increases the longer they reside in Australia. The findings of this research further highlight the need to encourage newer immigrants to use more sustainable travel options and highlight the relevance for local government and policy planners to support further research in this area, given that these international students have the potential to be key agents for travel behaviour change.     

高速铁路列车运行图鲁棒性协同优化模型研究

为提升高速铁路列车运行图的鲁棒性提出协同优化模型. 基于多线路协同优化和多目标协同优化的思想，研究多条线路列车运行图的协同优化，并将列车运行图的鲁棒性分为晚点传播鲁棒性与换乘接续鲁棒性，对两种鲁棒性进行多目标协同优化建模. 在建模过程中，将经济学中的边际效用递减规律引入对列车间缓冲时间的研究，提出并定义缓冲时间鲁棒性效用. 结合我国具体国情、路情建立高速铁路列车运行图鲁棒性协同优化模型并进行案例分析，结果表明，该模型可有效提升高速铁路列车运行图的鲁棒性.     

Optimal multi-step toll design under general user heterogeneity

This paper studies the optimal multi-step toll design problem for the bottleneck model with general user heterogeneity. The design model is formulated as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC), which is NP-hard due to non-convexity in both the objective function and the feasible set. An analytical method is proposed to solve the MPEC by decomposing it into smaller and easier quadratic programs, each corresponding to a unique departure order of different user classes. The quadratic programs are defined on a polyhedral set, which makes it easier to identify a local optimum. Importantly, each quadratic program is constrained by a set of linear feasibility cuts that define the presence of each user class in the arrival window. We prove that the proposed method ensures global optimality provided that each quadratic program can be solved globally. To obviate enumerating all departure orders, a heuristic method is developed to navigate through the solution space by using the multipliers associated with the feasibility cuts. Numerical experiments are conducted on several small examples to validate the proposed methodology. These experiments show that the proposed heuristic method is effective in finding near-optimal solutions within a relatively small number of iterations.     

Aural comfort prediction method for high-speed trains under complex tunnel environments

Aural comfort is negatively affected during a train’s passage through various tunnel environments. The objective of this study was to propose a prediction model for determining optimal operation parameter combinations to improve train occupants’ aural comfort. High-speed train model tests, combined with a mathematical transfer model, were used to obtain the interior pressure transients under varying speeds, tunnel lengths and seal indexes. Then, a middle ear finite element model was used to simulate the dynamic responses under the pressure transients, and three indicators were employed to assess the severity of aural sensations. Meanwhile, the aural discomfort were classified into four groups according to the duration. Based on the simulation results, the ordinal regression analysis method was used to reveal the effects of the considered factors on aural comfort. The results indicate that aural discomfort sensations begin when a train runs in the middle of a tunnel but are mitigated when it approaches the tunnel exit. Furthermore, aural discomfort is positively correlated with the train speed and the distance from the driver cabin of the head car but negatively correlated with the seal index and tunnel length. As a conclusion, a mathematical prediction model was established that incorporates factors including the train speed, seal index, tunnel length and car position. It can not only forecast aural sensations under certain operation parameters and tunnel environments but also be used for determining the optimal operation parameters to ensure the best aural sensations for high-speed-train occupants.     

CR300BF中国标准动车组以太网控车技术研究

介绍了CR300BF中国标准动车组以太网网络控制系统的构成、拓扑结构,以及实现列车级和车辆级数据传输的管理。详细阐述了以太网交换机的方向及端口的定义,以及动车组如何实现互联互通、在单编组和重联编组情况下如何快速辨别标准动车组的主控端和方向等功能。     

空天车地一体化技术在列车群车联网中的应用框架研究

通过研究物联网技术、车联网技术及空天车地一体化网络的理论和应用现状,分析列车群车联网系统构建需求,搭建基于空天车地一体化列车群车联网系统总体框架;分别建立艇载、机载、车载、区域监测和地面中心监测节点和网关,阐述系统的通信结构;提出基于空天车地一体化的列车群车联网系统物理架构设计及信息传输等关键问题。为进一步研究服务于列车群监测和通信的空天车地一体化网络的理论和应用研究起到指导和启发作用。     

基于模式识别的地铁列车状态耦合分析系统设计与应用

针对地铁列车部件因状态耦合作用而相互影响的问题,提出了一种基于模式识别的地铁列车状态耦合分析系统设计方法。该方法通过轮轨耦合分析、弓网耦合分析及部件状态特征识别技术,将异常特征进行模式抽取,获取导致异常特征的故障原因。结合某地铁列车,将该方法应用于所开发的服役安全保障系统。应用情况表明,该方法通过工况模式识别和特征耦合分析,可有效地降低干扰并获取异常特征信息,从而能够准确分析故障原因,为快速定位和精准维修提供技术支持。     

基于ASP技术的地铁列车辅助报点系统设计

地铁在故障情况下运行时,行车调度员通常需要通过人工铺画运行图对列车运行状态进行监控,而人工画图效率低下,列车运行安全也难以保证。因此,在地铁行业急需开发一套地铁列车辅助报点系统,以提高行车调度员在信号系统故障情况下监控列车运行的效率,确保地铁列车运行安全。文章以ASP技术为基础,使用VBScript语言,结合MySQL数据库及ECharts控件实现地铁列车辅助报点系统的开发,针对其中几个关键技术进行较为深入的研究,最后通过南京地铁S8号线对该系统进行设计验证。     

高速铁路智能交通系统中的CBTC技术

介绍了国外基于通信的列车控制(CBTC)系统的概况,在分析我国铁路无线通信发展现状和铁路智能交通系统(RITS)的体系结构的基础上,阐述了CBTC的原理及高速列车定位、列车动态运行间隔控制等关键技术.