铁路建设项目环境影响后评价指标体系初步研究

在目前国内外研究现状的基础上,结合铁路建设项目的特点,初步建立了以生态环境、噪声与振动环境、电磁环境、水环境、大气环境、固体废弃物和社会环境等7个互为关联和补充环境因子构成的铁路建设项目环境影响后评价指标体系,并利用构建的指标体系对成都至都江堰铁路环境影响后评价进行了分析。     

交直流转换场牵引供电系统技术研究

新建水曹铁路(AC25kV)与既有卑水线(DC1650V)在木厂口站接轨,本文以"如何实现2种制式供电系统的安全可靠转换"为目的,借鉴国外经验,结合工程实际,研究在木厂口车站设计"交直流转换场"牵引供电系统技术方案及操作程序。     

西安地铁2号线车辆公路运输实施方案

地铁车辆属超长、超大货物,公路运输时需借助长大汽车且通过市区进入车辆段。因此运输组织及运输安全尤为重要。就地铁车辆的公路运输涉及到的几个因素进行了分析,提出了安全可靠的运输方案。通过批量车公路运输的实施和验证,给地铁车辆公路运输方式提供了有益的借鉴。     

云桂铁路富平隧道斜井施工技术

结合云桂铁路富平隧道斜井的地形及地质特点,对比分析有轨提升出碴和无轨汽车运输2种不同方式在长大隧道斜井施工过程中的利弊;简要介绍无轨汽车运输系统机械选型配置;阐述斜井施工的技术要点和安全保障措施。实践证明,富平隧道斜井施工采用无轨运输,取得了良好的效果,可为以后长大隧道斜井施工提供参考和借鉴。     

Total cost analysis: An alternative to benefit-cost analysis in evaluating transportation alternatives

This paper explains the theory in support of total cost analysis (TCA) to compare transportation system alternatives. The full costs of each alternative are first aggregated, including travel time costs and monetizable environmental and social costs. Many costs which are considered on the benefits side of the equation in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as "cost savings" are brought over to the costs side. Total cost differences among alternatives are then traded off against their estimated non-monetized benefits or impacts, just as a consumer trades off product quality against cost before deciding which product he or she will buy. One advantage of TCA over traditional BCA is that the concept of "total cost" is more easily understood by the public and by political decision-makers than BCA concepts such as "net present worth", "benefit-cost ratio" and "internal rate of return". A second advantage is that there is no suggestion that all "benefits" have been considered; decision-makers are free to use their own value judgements to trade off total cost against non-monetizable social, environmental and economic impacts, just as they trade off quality and convenience against cost when purchasing goods and services in their roles as consumers. The TCA approach is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of two systemwide alternatives for the Baltimore, MD urban area.     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement     

轿车制造主要跨国公司的对华战略暨我国轿车制造业的应对策略研究

分析、研究表明，轿车制造主要跨国公司已大举直接进境投资建厂，规避我国汽车产业政策的相关规定，促使或参与我国内资轿车产业的兼并及重组是跨国公司对华战略的主要行为方式。通过具体案例分析，结合我国轿车制造业的实况及未来市场的发展趋势，提出我国轿车制造业应该以重视创立自主品牌、培育在国际合作化前提下的自主开发能力；以B级车的开发为自主品牌创立的切入点；建立自主品牌产品的制造基地为应对策略。     

对软弱地基加固处理的试验研究

针对武汉阳逻国际集装箱陆域码头工程的特点，采用塑料排水板的方式对软弱地层进行处理，对于其上的堆载（吹填砂）采用强夯的方式进行加固。通过现场试验表明，此种加固处理效果很好，为软弱地基加固处理提供了科学依据。     

我国道路客运业的现状及发展对客车制造业的影响

本文对我国道路客运业的现状和特点进行了分析介绍,指出道路客运业向集约化、规模化发展,客运经营主体的资质、经营管理水平等需要进一步的提高。道路客运业的发展对客车制造企业提出了更多要求,但二者又是相互融合、共同发展的。     

冲击压实后旧水泥混凝土路面作为垫层及其回弹模量的试验研究

在提出冲击压实后旧水泥混凝土路面作为加铺结构层之一的设计思路的基础上，阐述实测回弹模量的重要性；通过对大量实测承载板数据进行分析，获得了实施冲击压实处理后旧水泥混凝土板及板下基层回弹模量的量值范围和变化规律，作为加铺层设计的计算参数，并用来评价其残余承载能力。