A GPS-aided survey for assessing trip reporting accuracy and travel of students without telephone land lines

A geo-positioning satellite (GPS)-based survey, using a web-based prompted recall tool, was conducted on a sample of 94 students at the University of Toronto from November 2008 to April 2009. The sample included students with and without telephone land lines, allowing for a statistical comparison of demographic and travel behaviour attributes. The same subjects simultaneously completed a traditional trip reporting survey, modelled on the household travel survey in Toronto, allowing for a comparison between the travel behaviour information obtained from the GPS and that reported by the participants in the traditional survey. Students with a land line are more likely to live in houses, with parents, and to live in suburban areas than students without a land line. They also make fewer trips in total, fewer discretionary trips, more transit and auto trips and fewer active trips than students without a land line. By comparing questionnaire-based data and GPS data, we found that most participants reported in the questionnaire either the same number of GPS-based trips or fewer. On average, the GPS survey captured 1.29 more daily trips per participant than the corresponding trips reported in the questionnaire.     

钩打系统远程管理软件的研究与开发

钩计划传输打印控制系统是编组站综合自动化系统的一个重要组成部分，其主要功能是实现钩计划及相关信息在异型网络上的传输。着重分析的是钩计划传输打印控制系统远程管理软件。此软件按其实现功能主要包含系统IP地址设置和探测、逻辑端口和物理端口的映射管理、各端口独立的打印机配置、初始化参数4大模块。在此对4大功能模块进行详细的分析和说明。     

手机定位数据获取出行OD：现状及展望

手机定位数据可以用于获取交通信息。近年来利用这种数据获取路段速度已经成为研究热点,但在获取OD方面研究较少。通过总结手机定位获取OD方面的研究现状,分析目前研究存在的主要问题,指出未来的研究重点。     

����PSO-SVM�ľ�����з�ʽԤ��ģ�ͪ�

居民出行方式选择是一个较为复杂的非线性问题,受到的影响因素众多。提出采用支持向量机方法构建了居民出行方式选择模型,并以交叉验证意义下的分类准确率作为适应度函数,利用粒子群算法对支持向量机参数优化选择,避免参数设定的随机性,减少参数选择的工作量.通过实证研究表明,利用粒子群算法优化支持向量机的参数是可行的,支持向量机方法相对于BP神经网络,对居民出行方式预测有更高的精度.预测精度比BP神经网络提高了将近5个百分点,建模样本和测试样本的分类精度分别达到86.20%和82.31%.所构建的模型可用于居民出行方式预测,这对城市交通规划,出行需求预测具有现实指导意义.     

基于Logit模型的大连市居民通勤出行行为研究

针对大连市主城区进行通勤出行方式的意向偏好调查.选取7家企事业单位的200名驾车通勤者作为研究对象,建立以私家车、公共汽车为选择对象的二元Logit模型,研究停车收费及公交服务水平的变化对不同特性停车者的出行选择方式影响.结果表明:停车收费费率及公交服务水平对城市居民的通勤出行方式选择有显著影响.将合理的停车收费体系与提高公共交通服务水平相结合,是一种优秀的交通需求管理手段.     

Unraveling the relationship between trip chaining and mode choice: evidence from a multi-week travel diary

Abstract

Trip chaining (or tours) and mode choice are two critical factors influencing a variety of patterns of urban travel demand. This paper investigates the hierarchical relationship between these two sets of decisions including the influences of socio-demographic characteristics on them. It uses a 6-week travel diary collected in Thurgau, Switzerland, in 2003. The structural equation modeling technique is applied to identify the hierarchical relationship. Hierarchy and temporal consistency of the relationship is investigated separately for work versus non-work tours. It becomes clear that for work tours in weekdays, trip-chaining and mode choice decisions are simultaneous and remain consistent across the weeks. For non-work tours in weekdays, mode choice decisions precede trip-chaining decisions. However, for non-work tours in weekends, trip-chaining decisions precede mode choice decisions. A number of socioeconomic characteristics also play major roles in influencing the relationships. Results of the investigation challenge the traditional approach of modeling mode choice separately from activity-scheduling decisions.     

基于居民出行时耗与出行比例关系的OD矩阵估算新方法

建立了基于居民出行时耗与出行比例关系的OD矩阵估算新方法，该方法依据出行时耗分布规律进行，将小区出行量离散为不同出行时耗区间的出行量，并根据出行时耗区间所覆盖的交通吸引小区的面积及吸引量进行交通分布，方法运用中还可根据城市不同区域交通特征调整区域居民出行时耗分布，从而克服了重力模型OD估算结果与出行时耗特征不一致及模型参数全局不变等缺点。实例证明了该方法优于重力模型OD矩阵估算精度。     

货流分布的竞争机会模型

本文对国内外常用的交通分布模型进行了评析，指出了增长系数和重力模型所存在的缺点和问题。并通过货流分布规律的研究，提出了货流分布的竞争机会模型。     

公交乘客出行路径优化模型

分别以“换乘次数”最少和“出行时间”最短为优化目标，提出2个公交乘客出行路径优化模型，得到不同的最优线路，供公交乘客选择适合自身的出行路线，并以1个简单的公交网络对模型进行了验算。