多分类器融合在水中目标识别中的应用

为了提高对水中目标的识别能力,研究使用DS证据理论对多分类器进行融合,论述以往确定BPA方法的优缺点,并在此基础上提出一种新的利用分类器性能和输出信任度来确定BPA的多分类器融合方法,实验证明这种方法在对水中目标进行识别问题中的优越性,为进一步研究分类器融合在目标识别中的应用提供参考.     

双输出轴式手动变速器匹配噪声问题分析与解决

分析了盘式减振器和双质量飞轮两种减振结构的优势和局限性.分析了双输出轴式六速手动变速器匹配过程中噪声问题产生的原因和类型,并从变速器本体、减振系统匹配两个方面对变速器噪声进行了研究,提出了对变速器、离合器进行优化且同时采用双质量飞轮的噪音解决方案.试验测试结果表明,该方案解决了变速器匹配噪声问题.     

Including local air pollution in airport efficiency assessment: A hyperbolic-stochastic approach

We examine data from Italian airports covering 2005–2008 to include local environmental effects in airport efficiency assessment. We consider both desirable outputs such as aircraft, passengers, and freight movements and some undesirable outputs of airport operations associated with local air pollution. We estimate both a classical distance function with no undesirable output, and a hyperbolic distance function. By comparing the estimated efficiency scores with these two frontiers we show that airport efficiency increases when local air pollution is included in the analysis. Moreover, we show a fleet-mix effect because airports with similar aircraft movements exhibit large variations in the amount of pollution per flight. Last, we find that there is complementarity between desirable and undesirable output: a 1% decrease in pollution has an opportunity cost of a 0.67% reduction in both passenger and freight traffic.     

工业城市生活垃圾的预测量与对策研究

本文利用灰色理论中的GM(1，1)预测模型对某工业城市生活垃圾产生量进行预测。根据垃圾量的发展趋势，提出在分类收集的基础上采取综合利用、焚烧和卫生填埋的处理方法，并对综合处理方法中的管理与技术问题作了探讨。     

Global robust and adaptive output feedback dynamic positioning of surface ships

A constructive method was presented to design a global robust and adaptive output feedback controller for dynamic positioning of surface ships under environmental disturbances induced by waves, wind, and ocean currents. The ship’s parameters were not required to be known. An adaptive observer was first designed to estimate the ship’s velocities and parameters. The ship position measurements were also passed through the adaptive observer to reduce high frequency measurement noise from entering the control system. Using these estimate signals, the control was then designed based on Lyapunov’s direct method to force the ship’s position and orientation to globally asymptotically converge to desired values. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system. In conclusion, the paper presented a new method to design an effective control system for dynamic positioning of surface ships.     

一种节省PLC输出点的方法在BNWAS中的应用

在开发的基于PLC的船舶驾驶台航行值班报警系统（BNWAS）中,用4位数码管进行参数显示.由于LED数目多,占用PLC输出点数多,成本高.为了降低成本,设计了一种译码输出电路,在PLC输出端与数码管显示器之间增加少量的硬件电子电路,配合软件编程,仅用PLC的7个输出点就可控制4位数码管的27段LED,并且解决了由于各位数码管分时输出所产生的显示不稳定问题..     

嵌入式PLC高速脉冲输出的研究与实现

本文介绍了基于C8051F020单片机的嵌入式PLC的高速脉冲输出功能的开发。灵活运用C8051F020内部提供的可编程计数器阵列(PCA)模块实现了PLC高速脉冲输出功能。     

Assessment of economic impacts from unexpected events with an interregional commodity flow and multimodal transportation network model

Loss and damage caused by unscheduled events, especially earthquakes, have sudden and significant impacts not only on the region’s economy where the event occurs but also on other regions. The New Madrid Seismic Zone, located in the center of the United States, could have great impacts on economic activities related to this area, if a major earthquake occurred. Based on the 1993 US Commodity Flow Survey [US Commodity Flow Survey, 1993. Available from: <http://www.bts.gov/ntda/cfs/prod.html>], more than 42% of total commodity flows in the US are related to the greater Midwest, which includes the New Madrid Seismic Zone. If a catastrophic earthquake occurred in this area, the indirect damages could spread far beyond the region, and could have sizable impacts on other regions. A model of interregional commodity flows, incorporating regional input–output relationships, and the corresponding transportation network flows, was applied to assess the economic impacts of such an unexpected event. The economic impacts from the event are described for three hypothetical scenarios, analyzing the magnitude and the extent of the direct and indirect impacts. These analytical results may be used to propose strategic management of the recovery and reconstruction efforts after the event.     

Impacts of Transport Infrastructure on Productivity and Economic Growth: Recent Advances and Research Challenges

ABSTRACT

The paper provides an update of the survey focusing on estimating the contribution of transport infrastructure to productivity and economic growth. The central questions addressed are possible reasons behind the conflicting results reported in the literature on the elasticity of economic output with respect to transport infrastructure investment. After providing a systematic review of recent empirical studies on the effects of transport infrastructure on productivity and economic growth, the paper notes that controversial results can be attributed to ten causes (grouped into three categories for distinguishing): (1) related to different contexts: research period, geographical scales, and country's capability in enabling economic development; (2) related to different phenomena that are being measured: different economic sectors, different types of transport infrastructure, and different quality levels of transport infrastructure; and (3) related to distinct ways of measuring a similar phenomenon: measures used to describe the dependent variable and explanatory variable, functional specification, and estimation method of the econometric model. Strong network externalities of transport infrastructure may result in nonlinearity of the relationship between transport infrastructure and economic growth. Moreover, the absence of spatial concerns in infrastructure's impacts is another important source of inconclusive results. Finally, building on recent literature, the paper has discussed policy implications and identified several research avenues for further research.     

Applications of Random-Utility-based Multi-region Input–Output Models of Transport and the Spatial Economy

Abstract

An introduction to random-utility-based multiregional input–output models used for the purpose of spatial economic and transport interaction modelling is provided. The main methodological developments and important results of a dozen applications from the years 1996–2013 are described. This is followed by an outlook of potential future directions. Further research is mainly needed in five areas: (a) overall validation of the method, perhaps through back-casting applications on infrastructure plans with observed trade impacts; (b) extensions of trade coefficient models to add realism and improve accuracy; (c) the use of multi-scale modelling to capture interdependencies between geographical scales and to improve the representation of exports and imports; (d) improvements in the representation of price effects, as well as innovation and technological progress, by way of variable technical coefficients; and (e) a deeper investigation of the algorithm used to include elastic selling prices.