道路运输企业发展甩挂运输的效益研究

甩挂运输是一种先进的运输组织方式,是提高道路运输效率的重要手段,对于促进节能减排,推动道路运输业的发展具有重要意义。本文针对某一具体甩挂运输企业构建数学模型并从固定成本、变动成本两个方面对其进行经济效益评价,从油耗、二氧化碳排放量和污染物排放量三个方面进行节能减排评价,进而论证得出了甩挂运输具有提高经济效益和节能减排的优势。     

Potential Benefits of Coastal Ocean Observing Systems to Alaskan Commercial Fisheries

In this article we attempt to illustrate the potential benefits to Alaskan commercial fisheries expected from enhancements to the Alaska Ocean Observing System (AOOS) through changes in fishery management strategies. In particular we show how the use of improved AOOS data in research, stock assessment, and ultimately fisheries management has the potential to result in significant benefits in the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska groundfish and Kodiak king crab fisheries. We show through a case study approach that information such as might be provided by an enhanced AOOS could conceivably contribute over $600 million in additional annual revenue in Alaska's groundfish fishery. In addition we estimate that had the information from such a system been available in the 1970s and 1980s the Kodiak king crab stock collapse could have been avoided and $60 million in annual revenues generated. Benefit estimates (as measured by revenue increases) are based on the assumptions that when better data is delivered those data will be integrated into stock assessment models; when better data are integrated into the models the new data will actually improve the reliability of the models; and when the reliability of the models is improved predictions will be accepted by managers or industry members.     

Application of perceived value model to identify factors affecting passengers' repurchase intentions on city bus: A case of the Taipei metropolitan area

This paper establishes and tests the perceived value model, which is applied to identify the factors affecting the passengers' repurchase intentions on city bus. In this study, perceived value is a trade-off between perceived benefits and perceived costs. And the main part of perceived benefits is service quality. We (1) measured service quality using a multiple-items scale, (2) integrated perceived non-monetary price as a part of perceived costs, and (3) simultaneously incorporated the attractiveness of alternative modes. Data was collected via a questionnaire survey in the Taipei metropolitan area and the model was tested using path analysis performed by LISREL. The results indicate that all causal relationships are statistical significant. Finally, this study concludes by discussing managerial implications and making suggestions for future research.     

水泥基层就地冷再生施工工艺与经济效益分析

结合临长高速公路平江连接线改造工程,介绍了就地冷再生的施工技术原理和施工工艺,并分析了水泥含量对基层强度的影响,最后还对经济效益进行了简单分析。结果表明,就地冷再生是一种非常适宜的道路翻修改建方式。     

客运电力机车轴箱轴承使用寿命探讨

通过对郑州机务段客运电力机车轴箱轴承的设计疲劳寿命计算以及对机务段多年轴承检测情况进行统计分析,提出了合理延长此类轴承使用周期的建议,以避免因此类轴承使用寿命期规定过短造成的过剩维修,达到节约大量材料和资金的目的。     

FPSO吊车回转行星减速箱升级改造

针对FPSO吊车回转行星减速箱第一级存在较高故障率的问题,从回转行星减速箱的设计和原理入手,分析故障的主要原因是内部传动滚针的散落和行星轮润滑失效。把改变行星轮传动机构和改善行星轮润滑条件作为两个方面对减速箱第一级进行升级改造,改造后减少了回转齿轮箱故障率,减少了吊机停机维护时间。     

海运集装箱舱位超定量的研究

超定会增加销售收入,降低空仓损失,但同时会产生超定成本.本文在假设预定仓位的基础上,采用定量方法,定性分析了海运集装箱最佳预定量与最大化收益,研究结果表明超定是一项提高班轮公司收益的关键技术.     

高速公路抗裂型水泥稳定碎石基层应用研究

水泥稳定碎石具有强度高、板体性好、经济性好等优点,是我国使用最广泛的半剐性基层材料,但水泥稳定碎石存在突出特点易开裂。娄新高速公路基层采用新型抗裂型水泥稳定碎石,从材料本身抗裂性能评价方法研究人手,提出骨架密实型水泥稳定碎石基层材料理论设计方法,采用振动压实法进行配合比设计,使基层整体强度更加均匀,密实度更高,增强了基层的强度及抗水损害性能,并对其抗裂性能进行了室内对比试验研究,通过试验路检测与后期观测数据分析,基本达到了抗裂型水稳碎石基层高强度、抗开裂、抗水损害的预期效果。     

金台铁路速度目标值研究

以金华至台州铁路为背景,针对其速度目标值研究,认为应根据该铁路在路网中的功能定位、客流构成特点、时间目标值要求及与相邻路网速度目标值的匹配情况等因素,提出可能的速度目标值方案,而后分析不同速度目标值方案对工程投资、运营成本及铁路技术装备等的影响,以综合效益最大化为目标,选择研究年度最优速度目标值.最后,对推荐的速度目标值方案与路网、铁路技术发展等进行适应性分析,得出速度目标值的研究结论.     

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第十届智能交通系统世界大会于2003年11月16-20日在西班牙首都马德里召开，中国科技部、交通部、公安部、建设部和北京市均派代表参加。简要介绍了本次大会的情况，并对大会上反映出的一些亮点及技术动向进行了介绍和评述。在介绍国外情况的基础上，笔者对国内智能交通系统的发展方向进行了讨论，提出在建设小康社会的前提下，智能交通系统需要考虑的外部环境和约束条件，并对今后一段时间内中国智能交通系统开发和应用的重点提出了建议.