Real time queue length estimation for signalized intersections using travel times from mobile sensors

We study how to estimate real time queue lengths at signalized intersections using intersection travel times collected from mobile traffic sensors. The estimation is based on the observation that critical pattern changes of intersection travel times or delays, such as the discontinuities (i.e., sudden and dramatic increases in travel times) and non-smoothness (i.e., changes of slopes of travel times), indicate signal timing or queue length changes. By detecting these critical points in intersection travel times or delays, the real time queue length can be re-constructed. We first introduce the concept of Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time which is related to the non-smoothness of queuing delay patterns and queue length changes. We then show how measured intersection travel times from mobile sensors can be processed to generate sample vehicle queuing delays. Under the uniform arrival assumption, the queuing delays reduce linearly within a cycle. The delay pattern can be estimated by a linear fitting method using sample queuing delays. Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time can then be obtained from the delay pattern, and be used to estimate the maximum and minimum queue lengths of a cycle, based on which the real-time queue length curve can also be constructed. The model and algorithm are tested in a field experiment and in simulation.     

基于SPSS主成分分析法在公路客运量预测中的应用

分析选取影响公路客运量的主要因素,基于SPSS统计软件对各因素进行主成分分析,将众多相关因素简化为少数不相关因素,消除由于变量过多导致的多重共线性影响,构建了河南省公路客运量预测模型。实例证明,该模型具有较高的精度,能够满足河南省公路客运量预测的需要。     

Performance comparison between pedestrian push-button and pre-timed pedestrian crossings at midblock: a Korean case study

Walking has been highlighted as an independent transportation mode as well as an access/egress mode to/from public transit to encourage the use of more sustainable transport systems. However, walking does not seem to have priority over other transportation modes, especially in areas where various modes of movement are in conflict. The pedestrian push-button system seems to be a solution to distribute the right of way. The focus of this study is on the performance issue of the pedestrian push-button. Specifically, this study deals with issues related to mid-block crossings and attempts to answer two questions: whose waiting time is longer at pre-timed and push-button crossings, pedestrians, or vehicles? and which system – pre-timed or push-button – is better in terms of total waiting time? According to our simulation analyses, if the pedestrian flow rate is less than 120, 85, and 70 ped/h for two-, three-, and four-lane roads, respectively, the push-button system is recommended.     

机动管线水面浮运铺设牵引力计算及分析比较

机动管线和固定管线不同,是由一根根的管子用连接器或自身阴阳头连接而成。机动管线在水面浮运中所受牵引力的大小是铺设过程中的重要参数。用流速函数描述水面流速分布,得出牵引力的计算公式,并通过Matlab编程分析了任一参数变化时牵引力的变化情况,根据管线自身强度,得出了铺设时的临界点,并对各参数的影响进行了比较,对管线铺设有一定的借鉴意义。     

大体积承台混凝土施工

文章以新寨河特大桥主墩承台施工为例,介绍了大体积混凝土施工的质量控制要点、施工工艺及质量保障措施,并重点讲述了大体积混凝土在施工中,如何预防因温度应力而引起混凝土开裂的温度监测措施。     

GM模型和Markov模型在公路客运量预测中的综合运用

文章在应用灰色理论构建的GM预测模型基础上,以Markov模型为修正方法,建立GM—Markov模型,并以陕西省2003—2012年公路客运量为基础数据对上述理论进行实例验证。结果表明：与实际客运量相比,GM模型的相对误差为11．08％,而GM—Markov模型的相对误差仅为5．61％,GM—Markov模型拟合精度较高,更加贴近实际情况。     

On the use of mathematical programming in the evaluation of transport policies

This paper focuses on the evaluation processes by which decisions regarding transportation alternatives can be assisted. A multidimensional approach usually called multiple criteria decision making is required to represent the complexity of transportation policy and systems.

The multiple criteria decision making techniques can be divided into two groups. The first is based on a ranking scheme approach and the second on a mathematical programming approach.

A multiple objective mathematical programming procedure known as Goal Programming is presented. The authors examined the use of that procedure in real transportation problems.

The results suggest that multiple objective mathematical programming techniques in general do not appear to be appropriate in transportation policy analysis involving mutually exclusive alternatives. Their use can be limited to special cases in the private sector.     

A time‐staged multi‐objective network‐design model

A multi‐objective, time‐staged network‐design problem is formulated. Through transformation, the problem is decomposed into a set of single‐period, single‐objective problems. Lexicographic ordering is instrumental in effecting this transformation; it also allows a backward‐recursion algorithm to be applied using strong pruning criteria. Furthermore, monotonicity properties enable us to solve the problem using the familiar tree‐search algorithms. The solution method has several desirable properties — as shown by an example and a case study of Tripoli Province, Libya. First, the algorithm ensures continuity of project implementation over the multi time‐periods and provides optimality in later computational stages irrespective of the decision at an interim stage. Second, the algorithm tends to provide accessibility to unconnected regions in the study area at low user‐cost without employing weights to the two objective functions of accessibility and user‐cost efficiency. Such a property is deemed advantageous for suggesting transportation investments based purely on purchasing the greatest benefit for each dollar, with political neutrality strictly maintained.     

CDUBGM-Markov模型在铁路客运量预测中的应用

文章在传统的灰色模型和马尔柯夫模型的基础上,提出了动态无偏灰色马尔柯夫模型,阐述了该模型的建立方法,并采用这三种模型对我国铁路客运量进行了预测,对比结果表明动态无偏灰色马尔柯夫模型的拟合效果较好,预测精度较高,是一种行之有效的预测方法。     

现代轿车发动机主要零部件设计计算方法

详细介绍了利用现代设计方法对某一现代轿车发动机的各主要零部件进行设计与计算的过程 ,其中包括一维非定常流动有限体积法的热力工作过程模拟、运动学与动力学计算、曲线平衡性能计算、轴系扭转振动计算 ,并对各计算结果进行了分析。