超声波焊接和U型件压接在汽车线束生产中的对比分析

超声波焊接和U型件压接作为汽车线束导线间连接的两种主要方式在公司得到了广泛应用。其中超声波焊接主要应用于横截面积10 mm²以上的导线、屏蔽线、双绞线等电流大或对信号传输质量要求高的导线间的连接,其他除客户要求采用超声波焊接外一般采用U型件压接。文章结合我公司超声波焊接和U型件压接的应用生产和实际加工情况,通过对其的总结归纳和研究,介绍了汽车线束生产制造中的超声波焊接和U型件压接这两种导线间的连接方式,并对这两种方式的优劣进行了对比分析,可为汽车线束生产过程中导线间的连接方式的选取提供参考和方向。     

Prediction and mitigation of out-of-plane welding distortion of a typical block in fabrication of a semi-submersible lifting and disassembly platform

Out-of-plane welding distortions of block structures during fabrication of offshore structure will significantly influence its dimensional accuracy and production schedule. Taking a B514 block of a semi-submersible lifting and disassembly platform as research object, typical welded joints and their welding conditions were summarized based on actual welding procedure specification (WPS). Effective thermal elastic plastic (TEP) finite element (FE) analysis with parallel computation technology was carried out to examine thermal-mechanical response. Welding inherent deformations, which are considered as the elementary cause of welding distortion, were then evaluated. With welding inherent deformations as mechanical loading, elastic finite element (FE) analysis was then employed to predict dimensional accuracy of examined B514 block, which has a good agreement with measurement data. In order to ensure the fabrication accuracy with less out-of-plane welding distortion, inverse deformation approach was applied to reduce the out-of-plane welding distortion, and influence of welding sequence on out-of-plane welding distortion was also examined. Both mitigation practices have obvious effect on dimensional accuracy of examined B514 block, while corresponding mechanical mechanisms were also clarified.     

板材焊缝间隙差异对温度场及应力场的影响

针对国内外船体板材对接焊焊接工序中,对于焊缝间隙的差异引起的温度场、残余应力以及板材横向收缩量的研究规律问题,利用焊接专用软件Sysweld,对船体板材在不同焊缝间隙下对接焊焊接过程进行数值模拟仿真,分析得到随着焊缝间隙的增大,焊接过程中的最高温度,焊接冷却后板材的残余应力以及横向收缩量都是增大的,为实现焊接过程中变形量的精度控制等提供了前提条件。     

Experimental and numerical investigations on laser-welded corrugated-core sandwich panels subjected to air blast loading

Experimental investigations on the laser-welded triangular corrugated core sandwich panels and equivalent solid plates subjected to air blast loading are presented. The experiments were conducted in an explosion tank considering three levels of blast loading. Results show that the maximum deflection, core web buckling and core compaction increased as the decrease of stand-off distance. Back face deflections of sandwich panels were found to be nearly half that of equivalent solid plates at the stand-off distances of 100 mm and 150 mm. At the closest stand-off distance of 50 mm, the panel was found to fracture and fail catastrophically. Autodyn-based numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the dynamic response of sandwich panels. A good agreement was observed between the numerical calculations and experimental results. The model captured most of the deformation/failure modes of panels. Finally, the effects of face sheet thickness and core web thickness on the dynamic response of sandwich panel were discussed.     

基于C#的船舶焊接物量定额系统研究

造船企业目前焊接物量统计和计划主要凭借经验来估计,导致焊材管理混乱,浪费严重,造船成本增加,针对这种情况研究出焊接物量定额系统,系统运用C#为开发工具,My SQL为后台数据库管理工具,实现了焊接物量定额的动态公式设定的功能,该动态公式针对不同船厂的焊接实际消耗情况来修正理论焊接物量,提高了系统的灵活性及实用性,为今后船厂的焊接管理和计划安排奠定基础,节约造船成本,从而达到精益造船的目标。     

内压对锥柱耐压壳焊接残余应力影响的数值模拟与试验研究

耐压结构在使用前一般都要进行内压试验,经过内压试验后结构的焊接残余应力会发生改变。残余应力的变化会对结构的力学特性有一定影响。文章首先运用ANSYS的APDL语言编写了大尺度锥柱耐压壳模型焊接残余应力数值模拟程序,对耐压结构的初始残余应力和经过内压试验后残余应力的变化进行计算;然后,采用X射线无损检测方法对该大尺度锥柱耐压壳模型的初始残余应力和经过内压试验后的残余应力进行测量。计算结果与试验结果表明,随着内压增加,内壳残余拉应力不断降低;而外壳残余压应力则变化不大;并且数值模拟结果与试验结果基本吻合。该文研究结果为更加合理可靠地进行耐压结构力学特性分析提供了理论依据。     

船用EH36板两层两道焊接温度场分布

运用大型有限元分析软件Abaqus,对船用钢板EH36平板CO2气体保护焊的温度场进行三维动态分析。以8 mm EH36平板为研究对象,考虑材料的热物理性能和对流、辐射散热的影响,建立Y型坡口对接两层两道焊模型,利用过渡网格技术划分网格,采用双椭球热源模型和"单元生死"技术实现焊缝填充的动态过程。得到EH36温度场的分布规律,并研究层间冷却时间对焊接温度场的影响。     

钢桁梁桥整体节点焊接残余应力试验

为研究东江大桥整体节点焊接残余应力的大小及分布规律,采用与实桥相同的焊接工艺制作了实桥E16节点的1∶1足尺模型,用盲孔法对该节点模型各主要焊缝的残余应力大小与分布进行了测试。结果表明:对于整体节点而言,焊接过程会产生很大的残余应力,其最大值接近材料的屈服强度;在焊缝区域,沿焊缝垂线方向,纵向残余应力均呈压应力-拉应力-压应力交替分布,规律明显,在焊缝中心处为最大拉残余应力;在不等厚对接焊区域,厚板一侧的残余应力大于薄板一侧;打磨和钻螺栓孔可以对残余应力起到释放作用;研究结论可为制定消除整体节点焊接残余应力的措施提供依据。     

自卸车焊接变形的控制和矫正

焊接变形在自卸车生产中是普遍存在的问题,焊接变形不仅影响产品的结构、外观、性能等方面,还会给企业带来很大的损失。为此,就焊接变形的原理及实际焊接过程中防止焊接变形的方法进行了简要的论述。     

基于案例的焊装夹具设计分析

通过对海马汽车白车身焊装夹具应用中发现的问题,结合夹具设计资料,简要总结了焊装夹具在设计上需要重点关注的部位和要点,提出了相应的措施。