New Zealand public transport procurement strategies in a new legislative environment

In 2003 and 2004 there were major changes to the legislative environment in New Zealand, with the enactment of the Land Transport Management Act, 2003 which formed the New Zealand Transport Agency. The Transport Agency has a statutory role of assisting and advising approved organisations (usually local government) and approving procurement procedures. Following the introduction of the Land Transport Management Act a review of existing public transport legislation took place leading to the introduction of the Public Transport Management Act early in 2009. This paper discusses the role of procurement strategies in obtaining value for money objectives for public transport services within the new legislative environment. A case study of Greater Wellington Regional Council’s Procurement Strategy for bus and ferry services is presented to demonstrate the usefulness of strategic thinking.     

《交通微观仿真分析指南》概要

近年来,交通规划软件所使用的方法从对交通量的宏观分配转变为对单个车辆的微观仿真.这一方法论的改变意味着需要对委任交通工程项目、项目管理以及对其结果进行解释等的职能部门的指导方针进行更新,以便能反映微观仿真的独特能力.与之前的模型相比,微型仿真能够更完整和详细地反映道路交通状况的内在变化.位于苏格兰的SIAS交通规划咨询公司就此编写了《微观仿真最佳咨询项目指南》和《交通微观仿真分析指南》,以帮助交通从业人员从事微观仿真项目和解释其结果.这些指导方针是基于该公司进行项目咨询和开发S-Paramics微观仿真软件的经验基础上编写而成的.     

Assessment and Promotion of the Great Barrier Reef's Human Dimensions Through Collaboration

Increasingly, natural resource managers see the marine protected areas that they are responsible for as linked social-ecological systems. This requires an equal focus on managing for both natural and human dimensions of the protected estate. Consequently, identification of indicators that represent the human dimensions of Large Scale Marine Protected Areas (LSMPAs) such as the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is critical if these values are to be properly considered as part of standard management practice. Assessment and monitoring of the human dimensions of LSMPAs requires a replicable, collaborative process, rolled out at local scales but comparable across vast, socially and geographically diverse areas. This paper explores the application of a process for the development, assessment, and monitoring of the GBR's human dimensions. The process includes (a) development of a conceptual framework that links indicator sets to the desired state of the GBR's human dimensions; and (b) a collaborative approach including ten practical steps to implement assessment, monitoring, and benchmarking of the human dimensions of an LSMPA. We conclude with examination of challenges and opportunities for implementing this process in the GBR context, specifically with respect to the targets and objectives of the Reef 2050 Long-Term Sustainability Plan.     

转移排队车辆控制尾气排放的应用实例

为了缓解苏格兰法夫（Fife）地区库珀（Cupar）镇的交通拥堵，减少关键区域的尾气排放，用S-Paramics模型进行测试。采取的措施是把排队车辆转移到道路宽阔且建筑物较矮的路段，使车辆尾气易于扩散。测试结果显示，该方法能显著减少关键区域的尾气排放量，而车辆行程时间基本保持不变。项目的评价标准不是基于传统的行程时间和车辆运营成本的节约，而是考虑了行人和当地商业的利益。     

微观仿真模型的建立及数据分析

在评价由道路系统以及交通量的改变而引起的交通行为特征变化时,交通微观仿真模型正迅速地成为首选的工具。交通微观仿真模型与传统分配模型在建立、产生结果和报告等方面存在某些共性,但也有很多不同之处。从对数据要求的讨论到模型的建立,介绍了应用微观仿真模型的全过程,并探讨了如何使用微观仿真模型对不同设计方案进行评价,进而分析各方案所产生的效果。     

微观仿真在城市停车设施规划中的应用

为研究停车场规划和可达性对城市路网的影响,在世界范围内的三个不同城市应用微观仿真模型模拟停车设施规划。描述了三个城市采用的不同研究方法及得到的研究结果。三项研究都试图找到由驾驶人寻找停车位而造成的城市交通拥堵的解决方法。同时,在测试设计方案时,都使用了S-Paramics微观仿真模型。     

火线驰骋

全新的梅赛德斯C63 AMG和雷克萨斯IS F信誓旦旦,扬言要瓜分顶级豪车的市场。我们将它们同宝马最新的4门M3和目前该车系的佼佼者Audi RS4放到一起同场竞技,看看哪一台可以让驾驶者最为吃惊。