基于减价拍卖的高速铁路票价研究

为了实现高铁运营单位与旅客之间的利益均衡性,让旅客积极参与到高铁票价的制定过程中,使高铁票价更具合理性和普遍性.通过分析不同运输方式的时效性和模型的适用性,以时效票价率为依据,建立拍卖过程中的叫价策略和应价策略.并给出虚拟条件下的拍卖流程,实例验证得到能反映客运市场供需关系的动态定价策略.研究结果表明:成交价格、收益率、上座率及成交期望趋于稳定时,应价方对拍卖方的降价幅度具有较高的接受度,成交价格随着收益率偏好系数的增大而增大,而随着上座率偏好系数的增大而减小,这说明合理的成交价格应当是收益率和上座率综合的结果;相较于目前研究,该模型让旅客参与定价,更加符合现实场景中的动态定价,为高铁运营单位定价提供了相应的决策支持.     

S^2 BHCA Multiple AUVs cooperation oriented control architecture

Oceanographic survey, or other similar applications should be the applications of multiple AUVs. In this paper, the skill ＆ simulation based hybrid control architecture （S^2BHCA） as the controller＇s design reference was proposed. It is a multi-robot cooperation oriented intelligent control architecture based on hybrid ideas. The S^2BHCA attempts to incorporate the virtues of the reactive controller and of the deliberative controller by introducing the concept of the ＂skill＂. The additional online task simulation ability for cooperation is supported, too. As an application, a multiple AUV control system was developed with three ＂skills＂ for the MCM mission including two different cooperative tasks. The simulation and the sea trials show that simple task expression, fast reaction and better cooperation support can be achieved by realizing the AUV controller based on the S^2BHCA.     

沈大高速公路路面平整度的控制

结合沈大高速公路改扩建工程简述了SMA路面平整度的影响因素和控制方法。     

Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

Dynamic Simulation of a Smart Crank and Slider Mechanism

In this paper, a smart crank and slider mechanism is analyzed mostly from a dynamic view. By means of dynamic explicit finite element method, 3D nonlinear structure is simulated. It is proved that the mechanism can effectively accomplish smart movement prescribed. And in order to ensure reciprocal movement with higher frequency, measures should be taken to avoid over heating of parts. Compared with internal energy, kinetic energy of total rigid body is dominating, and Y direction equivalent rigid velocity is much higher than X direction velocity. Equivalent rigid velocity of all parts is consistent with respective movement condition. For both energy and velocity, slider effect is dominating. Three direction equivalent inertia force oscillates. Force amplitude in Y -direction is comparitively the greatest.     

Maritime accident investigation and temporal determinants of maritime accidents: A case study

This paper presents the results of an investigation into temporal determinants of maritime accidents based on a data-set obtained from the proceedings of formal inquiries in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR). The results show that there is no statistically significant outcome between the probability for an accident and the time of watch. Thus the results do not confirm previous studies, which reported significant time of day effects.The outcome of this study indicates that marine inquiries can provide useful data for an analysis of underlying causes of maritime accidents. It is suggested that accident inquiries should be extended into the area of watch systems employed and should record the hours of work and of rest of the officers on the watch involved in a maritime accident.     

The role of professional associations in shipping

This article is in three parts. The first covers the historical development of qualifying associations. The second covers the particular role of maritime institutions that include The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, The Institute of Marine Engineering Science and Technology and The Nautical Institute. The third and final section considers the future for maritime professional associations in the context of international shipping.     

港口门座起重机防风装置的计算与选择

阐述了港口门座起重机结构形式与风作用的关系,以及门座起重机发生事故的状况及其原因,并通过不同工况和不同风力作用下门座起重机受力情况的计算分析,提出了如何选取合适、有效的防风装置.     

A review of the Effect of α/W ratio on fracture toughness （Ⅱ） experimental investigation in LEFM

In part I of this series, experimental investigation in EPFM （elastic-plastic fracture mechanics） had been discussed. In this paper, experimental investigation in LEFM （ linear elastic fracture mechanics） is given. Fracture toughness tests had been carried out on three different strength steels, using both through-cracked specimens with different α/W ratio and semi-elliptical cracked specimens with variable crack size and shape. Results show that the fracture toughness KIC increases with decreasing α/W when α/W 〈 0.3 for three-point-bend specimens, and that for α/W 〉 0.3, it is independent of α/W. Shallow crack specimens, both through-cracked and surface-cracked, gave markedly higher values than deeply notched specimens. However, the effect of crack shape on fracture toughness is negligible. Results also show that the LEFM approach to fracture is not tenable for design stresses where αc is often very small, far less than 2.5 （ KIC/σy）^2.     

基于载波移相控制的脉冲整流器直流侧支撑电容电压谐波抑制研究

以电力牵引交流传动系统中两重化脉冲整流器拓扑为研究对象,以实现其直流侧支撑电容电压谐波抑制为目标,首先从理论上分析了直流侧支撑电容容量的设计方法;然后分析了稳态运行时直流侧电压高次谐波的产生机理,并重点分析了两重化脉冲整流器载波移相控制方法对直流侧脉动的影响.理论分析表明直流侧电压高次纹波主要分布在2倍开关频率附近,载波移相控制技术可以有效地抑制直流侧2倍开关频率附近的纹波电压,从而减小直流侧电压纹波系数.因此在传统直流侧支撑电容容量设计方法的基础上,加入载波移相控制可以进一步减小所设计的支撑电容大小.最后对未添加载波移相控制和添加载波移相控制的方法分别进行了计算机仿真和半实物试验测试.Matlab仿真和dSPACE半实物测试结果都验证了理论分析的正确性和有效性.