ROV attitude control based on multi-motor cooperative propulsion北大核心CSCD

[目的]为了提高遥控水下航行器(ROV)在复杂水下环境中的姿态控制性能,开展多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制研究。[方法]首先,针对多电机系统的结构和算法,分别提出一种基于PID速度补偿器的偏差耦合结构和一种新型非奇异终端滑模控制(SMC)算法,并设计一种新颖的基于多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制方法;然后,建立ROV的运动学和动力学模型,开展推进器组推力建模分析、解耦简化ROV动力学模型研究;最后,设计一种ROV滑模姿态控制器。[结果]仿真结果表明,所提的结构和算法可提高多电机系统的抗干扰性、同步性和快速响应能力,进而提高ROV姿态控制系统的稳定性与鲁棒性。[结论]所提方法可为ROV姿态控制提供一种新的可用方案。     

Influence of initial heeling angle on ship roll motion response北大核心CSCD

[目的]系统地研究初始横倾角对随机横浪下船舶横摇运动响应的影响。[方法]以路径积分法为基础,通过数值求解控制横摇运动微分方程概率属性的Fokker-Planck方程,得到横摇运动响应的概率分布。[结果]结果显示,初始横倾角对船舶横摇运动响应谱的影响有限,但对横摇角概率分布以及横摇运动响应极值分布的影响十分明显,且会造成船舶安全性的显著恶化。[结论]路径积分法可作为研究随机海浪下船舶横摇运动特性的有效数值方法。     

Widening the Panama Canal and U.S. ports: historical and economic impact analyses

ABSTRACT

The economic history of the U.S. illustrates how the role of many cities has been changed by being seaports or located on navigable rivers or lakes. Based on the widening of the Panama Canal in 2016, the West Coast ports that include the west coast seaports of California, Oregon, and Washington were expected to become less important, while the freight shares of the East Coast and Gulf ports would increase. By how much it has been not easy to measure or predict so far, but this study attempted to define some of the key parameters in the measurement. As well as several relevant background topics, both the demand- and supply-side versions of the National Interstate Economic Model, have been applied for the measurement of economic impacts. U.S. port authorities and policy makers at the local and national levels who respond and develop plans for coping with the new realities of the Panama Canal are able to understand the extent to which changes in shippers’ and land-mode transporters’ behaviors would undermine the logistics and the costs of their activities. Therefore, this study is important for a diverse spectrum of port development strategies in the U.S. to respond to the Canal expansion.     

Effects of perceived safety,involvement and perceived service quality on loyalty intention among ride-sourcing passengers

Transportation - Ride-sourcing services are increasingly popular since they were first introduced in the last decade. Particularly in developing countries where public transport systems have...     

基于非线性Drive-shaft模型的车辆传动系统冲击响应

建立了包含线性与非线性项的车辆传动系统非线性Drive-shaft模型, 应用具有耗散项的拉格朗日方程将非线性Drive-shaft模型转换为当量化的两质量模型, 通过将两端扭转角等效到同一端获得了传动系统的冲击响应方程, 应用Routh-Hurwitz准则分析了冲击响应方程的稳定性, 获得了稳定性参数区间。仿真结果表明: 将非线性阻尼分别设置为0和线性阻尼的1/10、-1/10时, 冲击响应首个峰值的绝对值分别为0.153 9、0.101 4、0.371 6, 当非线性阻尼为线性阻尼的1/10时, 冲击响应的首个峰值的绝对值最小, 这说明正的非线性阻尼有利于冲击响应的衰减; 将非线性刚度分别设置为0和线性刚度的1/10、-1/10时, 获得的冲击响应首个峰值的绝对值分别为0.153 9、0.178 8、0.115 9, 当非线性刚度为线性刚度的-1/10时, 冲击响应的首个峰值的绝对值最小, 这说明负的三次方非线性刚度有利于冲击响应的衰减; 在固定非线性刚度为线性刚度的-1/10的基础上, 将代表非线性阻尼的系数分别设置为0.1、0、-0.1, 获得的冲击响应首个峰值的绝对值分别为0.078 4、0.114 2、0.231 6。可见, 当代表非线性阻尼的系数设置为0.1时, 冲击响应的首个峰值的绝对值最小, 这表明在传动系统线性刚度及线性阻尼的基础上, 设计负的非线性刚度及正的非线性阻尼可以提升传动系统抵抗冲击的性能。      

Total oil spill costs and compensations

Although counteracting environmental programmes and policies have been strengthened, large oil spills still occur at irregular intervals. The total oil spill costs and their compensations have attracted much interest from various parties, such as local stakeholders, and state and federal governments. This paper addresses five major cost categories whose aggregations are expected to cover the overall direct and indirect costs after the release of an oil spill. Among them, research costs should not be neglected, since they tend to be high if public attention has been drawn to the case. Through an examination of the relationship between the total oil spill costs and their admissible claims, we found that:

1. admissible claims do not cover the overall costs of the oil spill, and
2. admissible claims cannot be compensated in full in the case of large spills.

Clearly, a sound oil spill contingency management aims to minimize both the environmental impacts of areas most at risk and the total oil spill costs. In this paper an economic model for measuring environmental damages following an oil spill is addressed and applied to the Prestige case which happened to be the worst oil pollution in the history of Spain. The model indicates how an ideally a priori economic evaluation may intuitively help managers to make informed as well as fast decisions in contingency cases.     

Active Roll Control for Passenger Cars

The development of a mathematical model of a limited bandwidth hydro-pneumatic suspension that is incorporated into a vehicle handling model is described. The combined model is used to evaluate a suitable control strategy for eliminating body roll during a cornering manoeuvre. The philosophy behind the roll control strategy has been to use feedback measurements of the body motions which do not compromise the ride control. A study of the influence of the position of the body motion feedback transducer on the effectiveness of the system to reduce the body roll is presented. Non-linear modelling of the suspension components for a 0.8g cornering manoeuvre has revealed performance limitations. Conclusions are drawn as to the effectiveness of the control scheme.     

曲线钢轨抗磨耗损伤技术的应用

文章结合永安—漳平段线路钢轨现状调查,建立了抗磨损研究试验段,通过对试验结果分析,总结出减少钢轨鱼鳞损伤,以及机车轮缘磨耗的措施,为线路钢轨养护提供借鉴经验。     

复合励磁同步发电机的Matlab建模与仿真

通过对Matlab/Simulink中同步电机的内核模型进行改造,建立了双输出绕组的复合励磁同步发电机模型,并对单输出绕组的复合励磁同步发电机的励磁调节特性进行了仿真,仿真结果说明:本文提出的方法简捷有效.