Corrections to the Casimir Force Due to Interactions of Plasmons and Electromagnetic Field

IntroductionThe phenomenon that an attractive force ex-ists between two uncharged conducting parallelplates is the so-called Casimir effect. Casimir cal-culated the sum of the zero-point energies of thenormal modes of the electromagnetic (EM) fieldsconfined in between the two conducting plates andshowed that the sum and the Casimir force (perplate area A) depend only on the distance d be-tween the two plates and on the fundamental con-stants (Planck constant) and c (light speed)[1]. Due to t…     

PERSISTENT CURRENT IN A ONE-DIMENSIONAL MESOSCOPIC RING WITH ELECTRON-PHONON INTERACTION IN THE LATTICE MODEL

IntroductionSince the pioneering work of Büttiker etal[1,2 ] ,the problem of persistentcurrent in a meso-scopic ring has attracted much recent atten-tion[3～ 6] . In a normal- metal ring threaded by amagnetic flux,a persistent current exists as longas the phase coherence of electron is pre-served[1,2 ,4 ] . With the gauge transformation,thevector potential can be removed from Schrodingerequation with a modified boundary conditionψn(x L ) =exp(2πi/0 )ψn(x) ,where0 =h/e is theflux q…