Research on Multi-Objective Real-Time Optimization of Automatic Train Operation (ATO) in Urban Rail Transit

The determination and optimization of Automatic Train Operation (ATO) control strategy is one of the most critical technologies for urban rail train operation. The practical ATO optimal control strategy must consider many goals of the train operation, such as safety, accuracy, comfort, energy saving and so on. This paper designs a set of efficient and universal multi-objective control strategy. Firstly, based on the analysis of urban rail transit and its operating environment, the multi-objective optimization model considering all the indexes of train operation is established by using multi-objective optimization theory. Secondly, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) is used to solve the model, and the optimal speed curve of train running is generated. Finally, the intelligent controller is designed by the combination of fuzzy controller algorithm and the predictive control algorithm, which can control and optimize the train operation in real time. Then the robustness of the control system can ensure and the requirements for multi-objective in train operation can be satisfied.     

基于双层规划的危险货物配送路径鲁棒优化

针对不确定环境下带时间窗的多配送中心危险货物配送路径优化问题, 提出一种含鲁棒控制参数的鲁棒优化方法; 综合考虑危险货物运输风险、运输费用和服务时间窗, 构建了危险货物配送路径多目标双层鲁棒优化模型, 上层模型追求运输风险和运输费用最小化, 下层模型采用用户均衡交通分配模型; 根据Bertsimas-Sim鲁棒优化理论, 对含有不确定参数的上层模型进行鲁棒对等转化; 联合增强型Pareto遗传算法和Frank-Wolfe算法构建了求解多目标双层鲁棒优化模型的混合算法, 采用3段式编码和解码方法、等位匹配交叉操作以及翻转变异等遗传操作方法求解上层模型, 采用Frank-Wolfe算法求解下层用户均衡模型; 以经典的Sioux-Falls交通网络为例, 对含有3个配送中心、7个需求点的危险货物配送路径优化问题进行案例分析, 以验证模型及其算法的合理性。研究结果表明: 当鲁棒控制参数分别为0、30和60时, 构建的混合算法能分别快速得到3、2和3组鲁棒最优解, 且所有解均为包含具体运输路段和发车时刻的配送方案, 而非配送顺序; 该混合算法与传统两阶段启发式算法相比, 运算时间能节省54.74%。可见, 该混合算法无论是在求解效率上, 还是在解的表达形式上均优于两阶段启发式算法, 能较好地完成不确定环境下危险货物配送路径多目标双层鲁棒优化任务。