尾鳍柔性变形对仿生机器鱼自主游动性能影响的研究

基于计算流体力学方法,数值模拟仿生机器鱼3自由度自主游动,比较刚性尾鳍和柔性变形尾鳍的推力、鱼体游动功率消耗和尾鳍前缘处的涡结构。计算结果表明,在相同运动参数下,柔性尾鳍能使机器鱼在加速阶段游得更快,而刚性尾鳍使机器鱼在巡游阶段游得更快;尾鳍柔性变形能降低巡游阶段机器鱼的侧向速度和首摇角速度的波动幅值,有利于航向稳定。游动速度对柔性尾鳍的推力有明显的负面影响,而对刚性尾鳍的推力影响不大。刚性尾鳍适用于机器鱼在较小的尾鳍侧向平移幅值下巡游,而柔性尾鳍适用于机器鱼在较大的侧向平移幅值下巡游。尾鳍的柔性变形会延迟前缘涡的产生和脱落,导致尾鳍在一个游动周期中的某个时间段形成阻力,不利于机器鱼高速巡游。     

基于RANS方程的对拍翼推进器推进性能分析

文章基于RANS方程,应用动网格技术,数值计算分析了一种基于地效应原理的对拍翼推进器的推进性能,探讨了来流速度,拍动频率、振幅对推进性能的影响。计算结果表明拍动频率越高、拍动振幅越大则推进器的推力越大,而推进效率则会随来流速度以及拍动振幅的增大而呈现先增大后减小的趋势;同时对比分析了双翼对拍与单翼拍动产生的推力和推进效率;这种推进器构造简单,仅通过简单的相对拍动就可产生垂直于机翼轴向的推力,通过机翼的旋转就可产生任意方向的推力,能够满足水下机器人做六自由度运动的推力需求。     

旋涡影响下的振动翼水动力性能

Fish are able to make good use of vortices. In a complex flow field, many fish continue to maintain both efficient cruising and maneuverability. Traditional man-made propulsion systems perform poorly in complex flow fields. With fish-like propulsion systems, it is important to pay more attention to complex flow fields. In this paper, the influence of vortices on the hydrodynamic performance of 2-D flapping-foils was investigated. The flapping-foil heaved and pitched under the influence of inflow vortices generated by an oscillating D-section cylinder. A numerical simulation was run based the finite volume method, using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software FLUENT with Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations applied. In addition, dynamic mesh technology and post processing systems were also fully used. The calculations showed four modes of interaction. The hydrodynamic performance of flapping-foils was analyzed and the results compared with experimental data. This validated the numerical simulation, confirming that flapping-foils can increase efficiency by absorbing energy from inflow vortices.     

CFD理论黏性流场中三维振动水翼的非定常水动力性能(英文)

The motion of the fins and control surfaces of underwater vehicles in a fluid is an interesting and challenging research subject. Typically the effect of fin oscillations on the fluid flow around such a body is highly unsteady, generating vortices and requiring detailed analysis of fluid-structure interactions. An understanding of the complexities of such flows is of interest to engineers developing vehicles capable of high dynamic performance in their propulsion and maneuvering. In the present study, a CFD based RANS simulation of a 3-D fin body moving in a viscous fluid was developed. It investigated hydrodynamic performance by evaluating the hydrodynamic coefficients (lift, drag and moment) at two different oscillating frequencies. A parametric analysis of the factors that affect the hydrodynamic performance of the fin body was done, along with a comparison of results from experiments. The results of the simulation were found in close agreement with experimental results and this validated the simulation as an effective tool for evaluation of the unsteady hydrodynamic coefficients of 3-D fins. This work can be further be used for analysis of the stability and maneuverability of fin actuated underwater vehicles.     

振动半圆柱尾流中的二维摆动水翼推进性能研究

文章研究了粘性流场中半圆柱振动产生的旋涡对二维摆动水翼推进性能的影响。利用数值方法计算了振动半圆柱尾流中二维摆动水翼的水动力性能。计算结果表明,半圆柱涡和水翼涡之间存在4种相互作用模式。相反旋向的半圆柱涡和水翼涡相互作用时,摆动水翼的平均推力系数最大。相同旋向的半圆柱涡和水翼首缘涡相互作用并且最终融入到水翼尾缘涡时,摆动水翼能够从半圆柱涡中吸收能量。