The marine electronic highway in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore—an assessment of costs and key benefits

The Straits of Malacca and Singapore are an important trade route linking the Indian Ocean to the South China Sea and Pacific Ocean. They are also rich in resources and support a range of activities that benefit the economies of the littoral states (Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore). This important shipping route is a very congested waterway and the authorities are keen to improve navigation facilities to promote ship safety and reduce the risk of groundings, collisions and accidents. This will also help to protect the marine environment from the effects of pollution and hence reduce its damaging impact on activities related to the Straits, e.g. fisheries and tourism. The Marine Electronic Highway (MEH) is an attempt to bring together maritime safety technologies and environmental management systems. The paper examines the costs of providing such a highway and considers some of the benefits which could accrue from its implementation. The analysis, conducted in the form of a cost-benefit study, clearly shows the economic viability of the scheme.     

农村公路资金渠道配置评价的相对标度法

为评判农村公路资金渠道配置的相对合理性,在分析中国农村公路建设和养护资金渠道基础上,提出资金渠道配置评价的相对标度法。利用相对标度计算各资金渠道的重要度(权重),定义一个"标准"地区,确定标志值,估计反映各渠道配置相对合理性的匹配系数并求和,给出中国农村公路建设和养护资金主要渠道的权重参考值。实例计算结果表明:该方法简单、实用,且具有很强的灵活性,可用来优化农村公路资金渠道配置。     

落实发展规划 做好战略协同 推进中铁物资煤炭业务专业化经营

<正>面对金融危机的严重冲击和影响,2009年中国铁路物资总公司(以下简称:中铁物资)取得了良好经营业绩,业务发展呈现出许多亮点,矿产及煤炭业务板块是其中之一。2009年中铁物资实现煤炭销量1222万t,比上年增长49%,实现销售收入79.1亿元,比上年增长     

Some errors in macroscopic traffic models based on car following models

The macroscopic traffic flow models developed from the car following models of Gazis et al. (1961) are shown to have a flaw in that they do not meet certain of the boundary conditions that researchers have said that they do. This does not affect many existing models but, nevertheless, should be cleared up.     

企业投标策略

投标策略是企业在工程投标中竞争取胜的关键.此文分析了在工程招投标过程中,投标企业应注意的问题.笔者针对企业投标策略提出相应的看法.     

The influence of food quality on the nutritional acclimation of the copepod Acartia clausi

The influence of food quality on the nutritional metabolism of Acartia clausi was studied experimentally using four different diets: (1) diatom cells of Thalassiosira weissflogii, (2) detritus prepared from the same culture, (3) 50 : 50 mix on a protein basis of the two previous diets, and 4) dinoflagellate cells of Prorocentrum micans. For each trophic, ingestion, gut transit time, trypsin activity and K_m (half saturation constant) were measured at limiting and saturating concentration. Assimilation rates were also estimated for both pure diatoms and mixed live–detrital cell diets. Ingestion followed a Holling type 2 response for diets 1 and 4, a linear one for detritus and an intermediate response for diet 3. Gut transit time displayed different adaptive changes with food regime depending on protein concentration. Trypsin activity was lower for detrital food and trypsin K_m significantly decreased with increasing concentration of live diatoms. Assimilation rates were higher for live food than for mixed live–detrital food. Results illustrated that Acartia-type copepods optimize nitrogen or protein uptake. They suggest that besides chemoreception-mediated selectivity, internal controls by digestion and assimilation also regulate ingestion (feed-back).     

不同成型方法应用于温拌沥青混合料配合比设计的对比分析

通过应用轮碾法、马歇尔击实法进行温拌沥青混合料配合比设计,着重分析了应用于温拌沥青混合料配合比设计时轮碾法相对于标准马歇尔击实法的优越性,同时比较轮碾法与旋转压实法的相似性与经济性。轮碾法能较好的替代马歇尔击实法与旋转压实法进行温拌沥青混合料配合比设计。     

Application of Inverse Models to Vehicle Optimization Problems

This paper presents a nonlinear inverse model of a road vehicle which simulates combined steering and braking/driving. The inputs to the model are the lateral and longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle's sprung mass center. The simulation returns the steering wheel angle and brake/drive torques required to obtain the desired accelerations. An example is presented which demonstrates the utility of inverse models for optimization purposes.     

Experimental study on piston- and sloshing- mode moonpool resonances

An experimental study was performed on the piston- and sloshing-mode moonpool resonances of offshore structures. Two different geometries were considered to investigate the flow characteristics in a plain moonpool and a moonpool with a cofferdam. To examine the efficiency of a cofferdam for reducing the flow in a moonpool, three cofferdam geometries were tested. The plain moonpool presented violent flows as a result of the piston- and sloshing-mode resonances. However, the moonpool with the cofferdam introduced violent sloshing waves instead of the ascent and descent of the water column in the piston-mode moonpool resonance. Among three different cofferdam geometries, the model with a right triangle facing to the left on the top of the cofferdam was most effective in reducing the flow in the moonpool when compared with the other models.     

基于概率模型的交叉口感应信号控制研究

考虑多种因素影响下初始绿灯时间和车辆到达服从概率分布特征,提出了1种交叉口感应控制最大绿灯时间优化模型,以交叉口平均延误、停车次数、排队长度为评价指标,利用 Vissim 仿真软件,将该模型与传统感应控制模型进行对比。仿真结果表明提出的算法在不同的饱和度下改进效果比较明显,尤其当交通量较大、饱和度较高时,传统感应控制效果有限,采用该模型的改进效果依然显著。