Online channel strategies under different offline channel power structures for the Belt and Road of China

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the online channel strategies adopted by Chinese manufacturers with regard to the Belt and Road. It also investigates the effect of offline channel power structures and maritime transportation costs on online channel mode selection and pricing strategies. The offline channel power structures are classified into three types, namely, Chinese manufacturer Stackelberg (MS) structure, vertical Nash (VN) structure, and foreign retailer Stackelberg (RS) structure. Furthermore, a game model is developed among the Chinese manufacturer, foreign retailer, and cross-border e-tailer to investigate the interactions among offline channel power structures, maritime transportation costs, and Chinese manufacturers’ online channel mode selection. The results show that Chinese manufacturers’ preferences for the online agency selling mode increases correspondingly with the decrease in their market position and bargaining power. Moreover, foreign retailers can obtain higher profits in the online agency selling mode under the VN structure. However, the level of profit for foreign retailers depends on the intensity of their competition with cross-border e-tailers under the MS and RS structures. Finally, consumers in countries along the Belt and Road can obtain a higher surplus in the online agency selling mode under all of the structures.     

舰载文电处理系统构件化设计与实现

针对当前舰载文电系统开发效率低、灵活性和健壮性较差的问题，提出一种基于CORBA的舰载文电系统构件化设计与实现方法，分析和比较采用此方法所实现的新型文电系统的特点。     

Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

Maritime accident investigation and temporal determinants of maritime accidents: A case study

This paper presents the results of an investigation into temporal determinants of maritime accidents based on a data-set obtained from the proceedings of formal inquiries in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR). The results show that there is no statistically significant outcome between the probability for an accident and the time of watch. Thus the results do not confirm previous studies, which reported significant time of day effects.The outcome of this study indicates that marine inquiries can provide useful data for an analysis of underlying causes of maritime accidents. It is suggested that accident inquiries should be extended into the area of watch systems employed and should record the hours of work and of rest of the officers on the watch involved in a maritime accident.     

The role of professional associations in shipping

This article is in three parts. The first covers the historical development of qualifying associations. The second covers the particular role of maritime institutions that include The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, The Institute of Marine Engineering Science and Technology and The Nautical Institute. The third and final section considers the future for maritime professional associations in the context of international shipping.     

铁路道口信号设备的维护与监测

利用微机技术、单片机技术、传感器技术和RS-232方式，完成对铁路道口信号设备实际运行情况的卖时监测，为实现道口信号设备状态维修提供基础设备。     

东海大桥近岛段工程光板岩墩基础施工方案比选

对东海大桥光板岩墩基础施工方案进行了介绍和讨论,在风大、浪高、水急、涌强等恶劣天气外海海况,以及基岩裸露、岩面倾斜度大、基岩强度高等地理状况的特殊施工条件下,光板岩墩基础施工方案的选定和成功实施,为我国跨海桥梁光板岩基础的施工提供一些经验和参考.     

如何正确运用轿车故障码

结合实例介绍了轿车故障码的正确运用:一是要认清电脑故障的性质和范围;二是能区别故障码的真伪性;三是提取故障码之前,应首先确认自诊断系统是否正常;四是不轻易更换电脑;五是故障码的正确清除方法;六是重视检修后的车辆检验;七是熟悉OBD—Ⅱ随车电脑诊断系统。     

贫困大学生就业分析及思路创新

大学生就业形势日益严峻,而贫困大学毕业生是大学毕业生中的弱势群体,他们客观存在着不利因素,很大程度上影响了他们就业。各级就业工作职能部门应该从“以人为本”的高度,创新思路,千方百计帮助贫困大学生克服就业障碍,成功就业。     

高密度客流集散区域交通应急管理信息系统的建设

分析了高密度客流集散区域交通应急管理的特征和所面临的主要问题,研究了高密度客流集散区域交通应急管理信息系统的系统框架、系统模型和所采用的相关技术,提出了该系统的建设思路。高密度客流集散区域内的交通状况与区域内外的各类影响因素关联度很高,在凸显交通区域化、事件综合性特征的情况下,通过应急管理信息系统要能够实现对人流、车流的控制及引导,以有效地应对和管理区域内的突发事件。