密级配沥青混凝土合理级配研究

详细论述了按照最大理论密度标准级配设计出的密级配沥青混合料的技术特点，以及体现在沥青混凝土路面使用性能方面的优越性。总结出密级配沥青混凝土合理级配设计的技术要求和判定标准。     

A practical approach to identifying the market potential for high speed rail: A case study in the Sydney-Canberra corridor

This paper presents the methodology and selective empirical results from a study of the demand for a high speed rail system serving the Sydney-Canberra corridor currently dominated by air travel for business trips and car travel for non-business trips. We outline the steps involved in the study from problem specification, data needs, development of base year trip tables, model specification and estimation to establish switching behaviour in the presence of a new mode and calculation of induced demand for current travellers. A stated choice heteroskedastic extreme value switching model is used to evaluate the choice of fare type for business and non-business travel given the current mode used in the corridor for each sampled traveller conventional train, charter coach, scheduled coach, plane or car. Starting with the current travel profile, patronage can be predicted under alternative fare regimes, taking into account diverted traffic, induced traffic and growth. Treating fare class as endogenous enhances the real choice context facing potential patrons.     

Driver steering and muscle activity during a lane-change manoeuvre

The article reports an experimental study of driver steering control behaviour in a lane-change manoeuvre. Eight test subjects were instrumented with electromyography to measure muscle activation and co-contraction. Each subject completed 30 lane-change manoeuvres with one vehicle on a fixed-base driving simulator. For each driver, the steering torque feedback characteristic was changed after every ten manoeuvres; the response of the vehicle to steering angle inputs was not changed. Drivers' control strategies were found to be robust to changes in steering torque feedback. Path-following errors, muscle activity and muscle co-contraction all reduce with the number of lane-changes performed by the driver, suggesting the existence of a learning process. Comparing the test subjects, there was some evidence that high levels of co-contraction were used to allow high-frequency steering inputs to be generated. The results contribute to the understanding of vehicle-driver (and more generally, human-machine) dynamic interaction.     

Dynamic Parameter Estimation of a MacPherson Strut Suspension

The dynamic parameters of a MacPherson strut suspension were estimated from the kinematic responses and measured external forces on the system. First, Lagrange equation was used to develop the equations of motion of the system, and then equations of motion were written as linear with respect to the dynamic parameters being estimated. The generalized coordinate partitioning technique was applied to create a reduced set of equations of motion of the constrained dynamic system. In this method only the measurements of positions and kinematic responses of the independent coordinates, and the external forces applied on the system are required as inputs. The rank deficient linear system was solved by QR decomposition. Good correlation was obtained between the actual parameters and the estimated parameters, by comparison between the simulated system response from the actual parameters and from the estimated parameters.     

Ramp meters on trial: Evidence from the Twin Cities metering holiday

Ramp meters in the Twin Cities have been the subject of a recent test of their effectiveness, involving turning them off for eight weeks. This paper analyzes the results with and without ramp metering for several representative freeways during the afternoon peak period. Seven performance measures: mobility, equity, productivity, consumers’ surplus, accessibility, travel time variation and travel demand responses are compared. It is found that ramp meters are particularly helpful for long trips relative to short trips. Ramp metering, while generally beneficial to freeway segments, may not improve trip travel times (including ramp delays). The reduction in travel time variation comprises another benefit from ramp meters. Non-work trips and work trips respond differently to ramp meters. The results are mixed, suggesting a more refined ramp control algorithm, which explicitly considers ramp delay, is in order.     

"通识通德"的全人教育与当代大学精神--中国传统教育理想和精神的现代意义

当代大学在繁荣的背后，隐藏了深刻的危机，实用主义、工具主义以及功利主义思想现念的影响。使大学的文化精神和高等教育本质受到严重的侵蚀。“通识通德”的全人教育是中国传统教育独特的理想和精神。当代大学可从“通识通德”的全人教育思想中吸取精华，形成自己的精神。     

小载荷低频船用气囊减振器

为了满足船舶越来越严格的减振降噪要求,需要对船舶上柴油发电机组、空压机和泵组装置等噪声源设备进行高效隔振.首先依据气囊隔振器设计理论,设计承载约0.4t、固有频率为(4.5±0.5)Hz的船用气囊减振器(型号为719CYQN-400);然后通过动静刚度试验、载荷与耐压试验、疲劳与气密性试验,得到气囊减振器的各项性能参数,验证设计方法的准确性;最后在实船中应用了该气囊,隔振效果高达31dB.     

基于故障模式、影响及危害度分析(FMECA)的地铁车辆检修工艺优化方法

提出了一种地铁车辆检修工艺优化方法。该方法采用FMECA(故障模式、影响及危害度分析),对地铁车辆运营过程中的故障数据进行分析,并根据分析结果对当前的地铁车辆检修工艺进行优化,以提高检修作业的合理性和效率。以地铁车辆高压供电系统为例,说明了该优化方法在地铁车辆高压供电系统上的实施流程;结合相关标准的规定建立了定量化的地铁车辆设备危害性风险评价矩阵,用以确定故障模式的可接受程度;通过建立可接受程度与该检修项点检修等级的对应关系,最终得到检修工艺的优化方案。