大骨节病（发生在中国的一种地方性骨关节病）关节软骨代谢

目的 本研究旨在了解大骨节病(KBD,在中国发生的一种地方性骨关节病)患者软骨CD44和蛋白聚糖的代谢及相关影响.方法 用免疫组织化学方法分析分化抗原-44(CD44)、BC-13以及3-B-3(-)在所采集KBD患者和正常人软骨切片中的表达;采用夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血清中可溶性CD44(sCD44)、白介素-1β(IL 1β)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)以及基质金属蛋白酶-1的水平.结果 苏木素&伊红(HE)染色以及甲苯胺兰染色显示,在KBD病患儿以及成人软骨中有细胞坏死和蛋白聚糖的缺失;免疫组织化学染色发现,KBD成人和儿童患者软骨组织中CD44、BC-13和3-B-3(-)具很强的阳性表达;sCD44、IL-1β和TNF-α在KBD成人和儿童血清的水平明显高于正常成人及儿童对照组,经统计学分析具显著性差异.有意思的现象是,KBD病区正常儿童血清中IL-1-β和TNF-α的水平亦明显高于非KBD病区正常儿童的水平,这些都提示可能还有一些未被确定的因素(例如遗传因素)或许对KBD发病具有一定的影响.结论 大骨节病患者CD44、IL-1β和TNF α代谢发生的改变,以及KBD成人和儿童软骨由于聚集蛋白聚糖酶活性增强所产生的蛋白聚糖的丢失,可能是KBD发病机理中起关键作用的重要因素,可以引起病态的关节形成和关节的不稳定,这些都可以导致在KBD患者中发生继发性的骨性关节炎.     

Sensitivity Analysis of the Shipboard Integrated Power System

Stochastic sensitivity analysis is a valuable tool in ranking inputs and in investigating the degree of interaction of its components. In this paper, we present stochastic simulation results for a shipboard integrated power system and study its sensitivity. Specifically, we apply sensitivity analysis to two high-fidelity models of shipboard subsystems, investigating open- and closed-loop control of the propulsion system. The results show that different inputs are most important for the open- and closed-loop control, with sensitivities that change dramatically in time as they reflect the transition from the fast electrical scales to slower mechanical scales. We also demonstrate how sensitivity analysis can be used to establish the robustness of the AC drive.     

Human Performance Measurement: Cultural Changes

There has been a high degree of cooperation and collaboration among the Navy system commands with respect to human performance under the Human Systems Performance Assessment Capability initiative. Additionally, the various warfare centers for Naval Sea Systems Command have shown the ability to team across the wide Navy organization. The steering group has shown the practitioners how to team and work together to accomplish similar objectives across different systems. Opportunities to collaborate have been identified and executed with minimal supervision and measurable contributions have been collected. One of the valuable benefits that has been gained through this effort is the ability for practitioners to share knowledge, methods, and tools with their counterparts across the Navy infrastructure. A shared common approach to addressing human performance data collection is emerging as a result. One of the real advantages of the project is a shared vision on the importance of human performance as part of the system engineering process of defining requirements through the eventual test and evaluation phases of a program.