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AbstractThe objective of this paper is to uncover the main antecedents associated with driving errors among older drivers in order to establish a framework for analyzing potential skill improvements using other approaches, for example, games. The article also aims at classifying age-related declines in seniors' abilities associated with their driving performance. The research undertakes an analysis of attempts made through the investigation of the literature. We have systematically searched papers and extracted (1) prevalent driving errors among seniors and (2) underlying age-related declines in seniors' abilities associated with their driving performance. We have also identified some characteristics of the research in this area (e.g. the research methods and geographical distribution of the research). Our expert panel mapped the functional declines in seniors' abilities to the driving errors to identify the relationship between these findings. A reliability test resulted in 81% reliability of findings. We have identified eight groups of driving errors, which could be affected by physical, visual, and cognitive declines among seniors. According to the experts' opinions, the underlying relationship of physical, visual, and cognitive declines among seniors and their driving errors were also presented. Our findings show that there is a potential for the use of innovative interventions such as playing video games to create an inexpensive, motivational, and enjoyable method that may provide a transfer effect to specific driving skills. This could help improve seniors' driving performance by improving specific functional abilities associated with driving. 相似文献
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The most common daily trip for employed persons and students is the commute to and from work and/or place of study. Though
there are clear environmental, health and safety benefits from using public transport instead of private vehicles for these
trips, a high proportion of commuters still choose private vehicles to get to work or study. This study reports an investigation
of psychological factors influencing students’ travel choices from the perspective of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB).
Students from three different university campuses (n = 186) completed a cross-sectional survey on their car commuting behaviour. Particular focus was given to whether car commuting
habits could add to understanding of commuting behaviour over and above behavioural intentions. Results indicated that, as
expected, behavioural intention to travel by car was the strongest TPB predictor of car commuting behaviour. Further, general
car commuting habits explained additional variance over and above TPB constructs, though the contribution was modest. No relationship
between habit and intentions was found. Overall results suggest that, although student car commuting behaviour is habitual
in nature, it is predominantly guided by reasoned action. Implications of these findings are that in order to alter the use
of private vehicles, the factors influencing commuters’ intentions to travel by car must be addressed. Specifically, interventions
should target the perceived high levels of both the acceptability of commuting by car and the perceived control over travel
undertaken by private vehicle. 相似文献
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Kenneth F.D. Hughey Geoffrey N. Kerr Ross Cullen 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2011,16(8):575-578
Based on a public survey of registered voters, we explore four options for internalising the social and environmental costs of road transport. The options were presented together with generalised factual information about their benefits and costs. Respondents are highly supportive of fuel use efficiency standards and exhaust gas quality standards, with lesser support for proposed initiatives of road user charges and speed reduction. Demographic analysis of responses enables identification of those who might favour or oppose particular options. In this case women are identified as being strongly supportive of the speed reduction option. 相似文献
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