排序方式: 共有37条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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J.A. Calvo C. Álvarez-Caldas J.L. San Román P. Cobo 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2012,17(7):509-513
In this work, a sample of vehicles has been instrumented to measure of variables that influence vehicle noise emissions in Madrid. A circuit reproducing a normal travel pattern in large city is traveled by a fleet of vehicle models representing the fleets of cars in a European city. A sample of drivers covers the test track under different traffic conditions. Driving parameters and noise emitted have been recorded in each test and average values have been extracted. These data have been analyzed to define the noise emissions produced by a vehicle in real driving conditions and to identify the noisiest driving behaviors. 相似文献
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某些作用在舰船结构上的瞬态动载荷,由于受到客观条件限制(比如空间狭小),不方便直接通过压力传感器获得其大小,而该载荷对于船体结构设计又关系重大,如何取得外载荷曲线便成了十分关键的问题。针对实船某承受特殊冲击载荷的基座结构,通过测量其结构动应变,利用材料应变-应力关系曲线得出了冲击载荷的时间历程曲线,最后用有限元法对该冲击载荷测量曲线进行验证。结果表明,当结构应变率小于3mm/mm/s时,可采用静态材料应变-应力关系曲线对结构冲击载荷进行测量计算,从而为此类结构外载荷测量方法提供参考。 相似文献
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Filippo G. Praticò Rachele Ammendola Antonino Moro 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2010,15(3):127-133
Wear at the interface between flexible pavements and tires influences pavement life, pavement cycle costs, and tire consumption, and is a source of environmental harm. Wear-related processes evolve over time and are affected by a number of boundary conditions, such as interface fluids, water and fuels. We develop a model explaining and predicting mass losses in flexible pavements under carefully controlled conditions, and with estimation of the related environmental costs. We also employed an accelerated loading test. Under normal conditions, the environmental impact of pavement wear is not greatly influenced by mix type or volumetrics. Indeed, the presence of hazmat materials, traditional, dense mixes have an environmental impact that is appreciably lower than that of porous European mixes. 相似文献
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Maarten Messagie Nele Sergeant Surendraprabu Rangaraju Javier San Felix Forner Luis Oliveira Thierry Coosemans 《运输规划与技术》2015,38(3):335-346
The European Clean Vehicle Directive was introduced in 2009 to create an obligation on public authorities to take into account the impact of energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and pollutant emissions into their purchasing decisions for road transport vehicles. This should stimulate the market for clean and energy-efficient vehicles and improve transport's impact on environment, climate change and energy use. Therefore the so-called ‘Operational Lifetime Cost’ of a vehicle is calculated, divided into the cost for energy consumption, CO2 and pollutant (nitrous oxide, particulate matter, non-methane hydrocarbons) emissions. In Belgium, a different methodology has been developed to calculate the environmental impact of a vehicle, called ‘Ecoscore’, based on a well-to-wheel approach. More pollutants are included compared to the Clean Vehicle methodology, but also indirect emissions are taken into account. In this paper, both methodologies are compared and used to analyze the environmental performance of passenger cars with different fuel types and from different vehicle segments. Similar rankings between both methodologies are obtained; however, the large impact of energy use (and CO2 emissions) in the Clean Vehicle methodology disadvantages compressed natural gas cars, as well as diesel cars equipped with particulate filters, compared to the Ecoscore methodology. 相似文献
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讨论了调度员和专家系统在天然气管道运行中的基本任务。针对管道运行过程中存在的一些不确定和不精确信息 ,在专家系统中引入了模糊集和模糊逻辑的理论 ,以描述此类信息 ,可在人类和机器之间提供一种更加自然的联系方式。着重讨论了知识的获取及模糊控制规则。此外 ,所述方法提供了一种比较方便的天然气管道优化控制方式 相似文献
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为了提高钢轨常规铝热焊的接头质量,作者对钢轨加压铝热焊工艺进行了试验研究.结果表明,这种工艺使铸态焊缝变窄,母材产生一定塑性变形,接头韧性大幅度提高,是既能保证接头质量又便于现场生产使用的一种工艺. 相似文献
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The traditional methods of fatigue assessment of welded joints have some limitations, and are extremely time consuming. In order to overcome these difficulties, the Thermographic Method (TM), based on thermographic analyses, has been applied to predict the fatigue behaviour of butt welded joints, made of AH36 steel, largely used in shipbuilding. Experimental tests have been carried out to assess the fatigue capability in terms of S–N curves and fatigue limits. The predictions of the fatigue capability obtained resorting to the Thermographic Method show a good agreement with those derived from the traditional procedure. Moreover, the fatigue design recommendations were compared to the experimental data in order to analyse the reliability of the codes. 相似文献