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1.
Rangel Thais Gonzalez Juan Nicolas Gomez Juan Romero Fernando Vassallo Jose Manuel 《Transportation》2022,49(2):373-393
Transportation - Ride-hailing is an emerging service that is transforming door to door mobility in urban areas. Users can easily request a ride through a smartphone app that informs them of the... 相似文献
2.
The present paper proposes a conceptual framework for the driver’s visual–spatial perceptual processes. Based on a theoretical analysis of driving proposed by Gibson and Crooks [(1938). A theoretical field-analysis of automobile-driving. The American Journal of Psychology, 51, 453–471. doi:10.2307/1416145], the developed field of safe travel (FoST) framework suggests that at any moment the driver constructs a “field” by integrating two perceptual entities: (i) the possible available spatial fields for locomotion and (ii) the driver’s mental image of ego-vehicle outer-line and motion dynamics. This framework is used to reinterpret in a unified way a number of disparate research findings reported in the literature concerning specific driving sub-tasks (e.g. lane keeping and car following). It is argued that the FoST framework may be used to predict drivers’ behaviour in various traffic/situation environments based on their prioritisation between the above two perceptual entities. Implications of the proposed framework at a theoretical and practical level, in view of the future of driving with multiple levels of automation, are also discussed. 相似文献
3.
Franois G. Schmitt Yongxiang Huang Zhiming Lu Yulu Liu Nicolas Fernandez 《Journal of Marine Systems》2009,77(4):473
We consider here surf zone turbulence measurements, recorded in the Eastern English Channel using a sonic anemometer. In order to characterize the intermittent properties of their fluctuations at many time scales, we analyze the experimental time series using the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method. The series is decomposed into a sum of modes, each one narrow-banded, and we show that some modes are associated with the energy containing wave breaking scales, and other modes are associated with small-scale intermittent fluctuations. We use the EMD approach in association with a newly developed method based on Hilbert spectral analysis, representing the probability density function in an amplitude–frequency space. We then characterize the fluctuations in a stochastic framework using a cumulant generating function for all scales, and compare the results obtained from direct and classical structure function analysis, to EMD–Hilbert spectral analysis results, showing that the former method saturates at large scales, whereas the latter method is more precise in its scale approach. These results show the strength of the new EMD–Hilbert spectral analysis method for data presenting a strong forcing such as found in shallow water, wave dominated situations. 相似文献
4.
Since the 1990s, transport project assessments take systematically pollutant emission estimations into account. This paper is about the methodological aspects of these calculations. It focuses more specifically on the car fleet hypothesis, which most often lays on national data, without consideration of local specificities. We use the last household travel survey from Lyon, 2006, and the SIMBAD model to compare the results of CO2 and NOx emissions estimated from the French national car fleet, the aggregated Lyon car fleet and the same fleet disaggregated by household location and income. We show that the error level varies, depending on the pollutant and the observation scale. The use of an aggregated local car fleet seems interesting and satisfactory for a global emission assessment. If the results are required at a more detailed spatial level, the use of this local fleet improves sharply the estimations in comparison of a national fleet; the fleet disaggregation refines the results for NOx. 相似文献
5.
为满足通过实验平台对滚刀破岩机制进行研究的需要,以滚刀岩机作用综合实验台结构框架为基础,从控制实验台的推进系统入手,通过开发滚刀岩机作用综合实验台电液伺服控制系统,实现了对滚刀破岩推力、推进速等参数进行无级控制,满足了滚刀破岩参数与破岩效率之间的关系研究。 相似文献
6.
Routing and scheduling software is part of the information and technology systems available to support the transport industry, and uses complex algorithms along with geographical representations of the road network to allow better planning of daily collection and delivery schedules. This paper reviews the evolution of routing and scheduling software, the algorithms used along with reported barriers to wider take-up and potential industry-driven improvements that could be made. A survey of transport companies in the U.K. was conducted in order to validate and prioritise the software capabilities that require the most development according to the new challenges that the industry is facing. Responses suggested that companies required improved route optimisation to tackle congestion based on time-dependent data and models, and greater accuracy in the representation of the road network. Not considering congestion leads to the underestimation of travel times and the production of inaccurate schedules. Literature shows that operational research techniques are available to solve problems that represent real-world conditions, but research into the relative merits of using time-dependent models needs to be undertaken. Data might be improved by cooperation between government and private sector. 相似文献
7.
Pablo Jensen Jean-Baptiste Rouquier Nicolas Ovtracht Céline Robardet 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2010,15(8):522-524
Data gathered relating to the Lyon’s shared bicycling system, Vélo’v, is used to analyze 11.6 millions bicycle trips in the city. The data show that bicycles now compete with the car in terms of speed in downtown Lyon. It also provides information on cycle flows that can be of use in the planning of dedicated bicycle lanes and other facilities. 相似文献
8.
格扎维埃·威尔汉有一套秘诀,他的作品总能让我们在过马路时忍不住回头张望。例如那头用法拉利红色汽车喷漆挥洒而就的犀牛,还有那座数码像素作图、低分辨率的马拉车雕塑,仿佛在凡尔赛宫的庭院里迈着抽搐的碎步。这位法国艺术家有一种别致的风格和深刻的幽默感——他的作品让你笑,让你徘徊,让你最终怀疑所知的一切空间和运动常识。 相似文献
9.
Jean-Pierre Nicolas 《运输评论》2013,33(2):219-220
This paper considers the main road-traffic parameters that determine air pollution, i.e. the total volume of traffic, road speeds and the composition of the vehicle fleet. Changes in the amounts of pollutants emitted, and the importance of each of the three parameters, have been computed by using a traffic assignment model, which also represents emission factors. The types of policies that may be implemented to reduce the environmental impact of transport are then considered. The study demonstrates, for example, that the impact of a deterioration in traffic conditions is limited in comparison with the effect of forecast increases in traffic and improvements in the environmental performance of vehicles. As a consequence, if cities and urban transport are to achieve sustainable development, urban expansion must take place in a controlled way. 相似文献
10.
Eric Chaumillon Jean-Noël Proust David Menier Nicolas Weber 《Journal of Marine Systems》2008,72(1-4):383
This study is a first synthesis focused on incised-valleys located within the inner shelf of the Bay of Biscay. It is based on previously published results obtained during recent seismic surveys and coring campaigns. The morphology of the valleys appears to be strongly controlled by tectonics and lithology. The Pleistocene sedimentary cover of the shelf is very thin and discontinuous with a maximum thickness ranging between 30 and 40 m in incised-valley fills. Thus the incised bedrock morphology plays a key-role by controlling hydrodynamics and related sediment transport and deposition that explains some variations of those incised-valley fills with respect to the previously published general models. 相似文献