农村公路资金渠道配置评价的相对标度法

为评判农村公路资金渠道配置的相对合理性,在分析中国农村公路建设和养护资金渠道基础上,提出资金渠道配置评价的相对标度法。利用相对标度计算各资金渠道的重要度(权重),定义一个"标准"地区,确定标志值,估计反映各渠道配置相对合理性的匹配系数并求和,给出中国农村公路建设和养护资金主要渠道的权重参考值。实例计算结果表明:该方法简单、实用,且具有很强的灵活性,可用来优化农村公路资金渠道配置。     

落实发展规划 做好战略协同 推进中铁物资煤炭业务专业化经营

<正>面对金融危机的严重冲击和影响,2009年中国铁路物资总公司(以下简称:中铁物资)取得了良好经营业绩,业务发展呈现出许多亮点,矿产及煤炭业务板块是其中之一。2009年中铁物资实现煤炭销量1222万t,比上年增长49%,实现销售收入79.1亿元,比上年增长     

A path-based flow formulation for the traffic assignment problem

In order to improve cooperation between traffic management and travelers, traffic assignment is the key component to achieve the objectives of both traffic management and route choice decisions for travelers. Traffic assignment can be classified into two models based on the behavioral assumptions governing route choices: User Equilibrium (UE) and System Optimum (SO) traffic assignment. According to UE and SO traffic assignment, travelers usually compete to choose the least cost routes to minimize their own travel costs, while SO traffic assignment requires travelers to work cooperatively to minimize overall cost in the road network. Thus, the paradox of benefits between UE and SO indicates that both are not practical. Thus, a solution technique needs to be proposed to balance UE and SO models, which can compromise both sides and give more feasible traffic assignments. In this paper, Stackelberg game theory is introduced to the traffic assignment problem, which can achieve the trade-off process between traffic management and travelers. Since traditional traffic assignments have low convergence rates, the gradient projection algorithm is proposed to improve efficiency.     

企业投标策略

投标策略是企业在工程投标中竞争取胜的关键.此文分析了在工程招投标过程中,投标企业应注意的问题.笔者针对企业投标策略提出相应的看法.     

不同成型方法应用于温拌沥青混合料配合比设计的对比分析

通过应用轮碾法、马歇尔击实法进行温拌沥青混合料配合比设计,着重分析了应用于温拌沥青混合料配合比设计时轮碾法相对于标准马歇尔击实法的优越性,同时比较轮碾法与旋转压实法的相似性与经济性。轮碾法能较好的替代马歇尔击实法与旋转压实法进行温拌沥青混合料配合比设计。     

The economic use of subsidies for urban mass transportation

The energy crisis and various urban problems stemming from auto congestion, pollution, and the cost of providing public highways have created enormous interest in revitalizing our urban mass transit systems. Currently much is being said and written regarding the efficacy of granting federal, state and/or local operating subsidies. In this article, the author reviews the transit industry's peak capacity problem, and questions the economic wisdom of providing operating subsidies, as some are now being provided, and how most will probably be administered in the near future. An alternative plan suggests the manner in which subsidies can eventually help the transit industry. The article concludes with an analysis of what research efforts are needed in many urban transit systems and how subsidies can be used to support such research.     

基于概率模型的交叉口感应信号控制研究

考虑多种因素影响下初始绿灯时间和车辆到达服从概率分布特征,提出了1种交叉口感应控制最大绿灯时间优化模型,以交叉口平均延误、停车次数、排队长度为评价指标,利用 Vissim 仿真软件,将该模型与传统感应控制模型进行对比。仿真结果表明提出的算法在不同的饱和度下改进效果比较明显,尤其当交通量较大、饱和度较高时,传统感应控制效果有限,采用该模型的改进效果依然显著。      

Optimal tank-trailer routing using the ILOG constraint programming – a Taiwan case study

Abstract

This paper investigates the routing of pressurized tank trailers and proposes a scheduling plan which ensures the practical delivery of industrial gases under the objective of reducing transportation costs. Using constraint programming, we solve a combinatorial optimization problem that incorporates both hard and soft constraints for routing and scheduling tank trailers. Hard constraints are resource and safety/regulation constraints, whereas soft constraints are utilization and efficiency constraints. This approach enables tank-trailer routing and scheduling management to consider different combinations of parameters and view the results in ‘real-time.’ The routing and scheduling results based on a case study in Taiwan fulfil the goals of avoiding risks associated with transporting industrial gases, and attaining efficient delivery while conforming to regulations and consistent with good business practice. The results also suggest that significant economies in distribution costs are possible.     

WGS-84坐标与BJ-54坐标转换方法及实现

WGS-84坐标与BJ-54坐标的转换是进行车辆导航、目标定位及部队军事训练中在利用GPS时必须面对的,本文主要介绍了采用7参数法进行WGS-84坐标与BJ-54坐标的坐标变换方法、专用地理坐标转换软件的实现方式及计算实例。     

基于急救时间的直升机高速公路救援网络布局方法

针对目前直升机应急救援在高速公路救援领域研究薄弱的问题,从直升机在高速公路应急救援布局选址原则入手,基于医学上高速公路交通事故最佳急救时间及中国现实国情,采用聚类分析法分2步对直升机高速公路救援网络布局进行建模;在此基础上,利用2007年安徽全省23对服务区的相关数据,将全省按地形分为皖北、皖中、皖南3个区域分别测算,最终确定全省8对布设直升机的高速公路服务区及其具体点位。研究结果表明:这一布局能够有效保证安徽省高速公路网内任何一点在15～30 min内均获得航空救援服务,并保证救援用直升机服务于其基点服务区120 km半径的范围。