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The impact of major road developments on the spheres of urban influence of Japanese cities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study aims to measure the impact of major road developments on the spheres of urban influence of Japanese cities.First, the sphere of urban influence is defined by application of an individual behavior model. The model explains the number of trips to representative cities in regions from the residential place of each individual using the following factors; the attractiveness of cities, the travel time to cities and the individual's free time. Development of major roads shortens the travel time, and this causes the change in the sphere of urban influence. The model we propose has the structure to explain this phenomenon.Second, this method is applied to all of Japan where expressways are now being rapidly constructed and, how they change spheres of urban influence is explained. In the application, as a measure of attractiveness of cities, population, commercial and industrial activity, etc. are considered. From these points of view, the impacts of construction of expressways in Japan are estimated. 相似文献
2.
Shoji Takechi Kazuhiro Aoyama Toshiharu Nomoto 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》1998,3(4):194-200
Accuracy management concerns various aspects of all assembly industries, e.g., final product quality, manufacturing efficiency,
and manufacturing costs. In the near future, accuracy management will be even more important in manufacturing systems because
of mechanization and automation. This paper considers the concept of computer-aided accuracy management systems, which are
based on the concept of integrated manufacturing systems. We propose two management systems, accuracy planning and accuracy
estimation, and concentrate on accuracy planning. A model of welding deformations and an easy estimation method for such deformations
by computer analysis using the finite element method (FEM) are described. A prototype system based on the accuracy management
concept was implemented in the authors' integrated manufacturing systems, and some examples of estimating welding deformations
are given here.
Translation of an article that appeared in the Journal of The Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vol. 181 (1997): The original
article won the SNAJ prize, which is awarded annually to the best papers selected from the SNAJ Journal, JMST, or other quality
journals in the field of naval architecture and ocean engineering. 相似文献
3.
Shoji Takechi Kazuhiro Aoyama Toshiharu Nomoto 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2002,6(3):158-167
In ship hull production, the accuracy of management activities is extremely important. The block positioning operation in
the erection stage is a key process in such management. The quality of the block positioning determines not only the accuracy
of the final hull, but also the productivity and cost at the erection stage. We have previously proposed the basic concepts
of computer-aided accuracy management. Accuracy management activities consist of "accuracy planning activities" and "accuracy
measurement activities." Accuracy measurement activities involve checking and coping with inaccuracy. We have also proposed
a system of accuracy measurement metrics: one is accuracy for completion (e.g., straightness, flatness), and the other is
accuracy for construction (e.g., the relative joint shapes of each part). This paper explains the detailed accuracy metrics
for a block positioning operation in the erection stage. The quality of the block positioning operation is estimated by this
system: the accuracy of the completed hull can be evaluated by the concept of tolerance, and the accuracy of the construction
process can be evaluated by the concept of labor costs. The prototype of this accuracy metrics system is then implemented.
This metrics system is combined with the optimization software program iSIGHT to decide the best block positioning process.
Then some examples of the block position optimizing process are shown.
Received: November 2, 2001 / Accepted: December 6, 2001 相似文献
4.
In order to make significant progress in design and manufacturing systems, all industries must consider integration. This
paper considers information models and functions for a computer integrated design and manufacturing system in shipbuilding.
The authors propose the product model and several alterative functions for designing a ship's structure, and develop a “ship
definition system for computer integrated design and manufacturing.” This system is called SODAS (System of Design and Assembly
for Shipbuilding). An object-oriented concept is used to develop this system. In order to define a ship's structure, the authors
propose the product models of “parts member” and “parts connection,” and the product models of “Room,” “Unit,” and “Module”
are introduced to define the compartments, internal structures and intermediate products of a ship. Therefore, all information
about a product from the design to the production stage is stored in the product model. As well as the product model, the
“design function,” “cutting function,” and “virtual assembling function” are introduced. By using the design function, any
type of ship's structure can be designed, and by using the cutting function, the design of a ship's structure can be cut into
smaller elements. By using the virtual assembling function, a simulation of the manufacture of a ship's structure can be carried
out. 相似文献
5.
Kazuhiro Aoyama Toshiharu Nomoto W Kentaro 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》1999,4(1):35-43
There are many restrictions on production in the factory. The most efficient production schedule should be planned taking
these restrictions into account. Professional skill is necessary to plan the best schedule. A schedule planner has to deal
with so much information during production planning that it is difficult to plan the best production schedule with a consideration
of so many restrictions. In this study we introduced the use of Petri nets to support such production planning with a computer.
Petri nets have been widely used to simulate production because of their capability of modeling concurrency, synchronization,
and sequencing in discrete-event systems. This paper reports on implementing a simulation system for the shipyard. We had
already implemented a production planning support system for a shipyard that is a part of the computer integrated manufacturing
(CIM) system in shipbuilding. Based on this system, we implemented a shipyard simulator that can simulate the production activity
in the shipyard. We therefore have defined a shipyard model. The production conditions can be changed, and the efficiency
of a schedule can be evaluated. This paper discusses the effectiveness of using a factory simulator.
Received for publication on Oct. 5, 1998; accepted on May 12, 1999 相似文献
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