The prevalence of context-dependent adjustment of activity-travel patterns in energy conservation strategies: results from a mixture-amount stated adaptation experiment

People’s adaptive behaviour to increasing energy prices has been studied at length in transportation research. Prior research however has not addressed research questions concerning the contribution of travel-related changes in more encompassing energy conservation strategies. Moreover, context-dependency and choice under constraints has not been studies at any length. In this paper, we therefore report the results of a context-dependent elaboration of a mixture amount choice experiment to measure context-dependent responses to accumulative energy charges under budget constraints. Accounting for consumer heterogeneity in adaptive response behaviour, mixed logit analysis is used to analyse the extent and nature of adaptations of activity-travel behaviour and resource allocation in response to increasing energy costs. The results indicate that individuals are inclined to compensate for increased expenditures on energy due to price increases. Moreover, results show the existence of significant heterogeneity among respondents in terms of their adaptation strategies to various energy-saving choices.     

基于均值平移和自适应预测的运动目标跟踪

针对运动目标跟踪算法不足之处,提出结合改进的均值平移与自适应预测的目标跟踪算法,基于Bhattacharyya系数值进行Kalman滤波器与粒子滤波器之间的切换.引入Kalman滤波器为Mean Shift算法估计初始点,在跟踪稳定的情况下进行模板更新,根据Kalman残差大小判定是否发生遮挡：部分遮挡情况下即结合Kalman滤波器实现对快速运动目标的实时跟踪;完全遮挡情况下结合均值平移和粒子滤波进行鲁棒跟踪.实验证明,改进的算法可以有效地提高跟踪算法的效率,并且能很好地解决遮挡问题.     

砂卵石地层气垫式泥水盾构的优化

为解决气垫式泥水盾构在砂卵石地层中存在卵石堆积泥水仓和气垫仓底部、造成碎石机频繁损坏和泥浆管路堵塞等问题,通过对底部堆积、堵塞管路、破碎机频繁损坏的原因进行分析,认为造成堆积和堵塞的原因主要是泥浆在气垫仓和泥水仓流速偏低,不能及时带走碴土,从而造成碎石机频繁损坏和仓底底部堵塞。通过对这些问题的研究讨论,提出通过增加底部、刀盘冲刷以及主机段泥浆循环的方案来解决底部堆积、堵塞管路的问题,同时改变碎石机的结构来解决其寿命短的问题。     

Modeling dynamics in household car ownership over life courses: a latent class competing risks model

Transportation - This study presents a latent class competing risks model to examine the influence of socio-demographics and life course events on car transaction behaviour. The types of car...     

低温聚合物导电银浆膜层性能影响因素研究

通过不同种类及含量的片状银粉、片状镍粉、氯醋树脂等混合,其与助剂、有机溶剂等以一定配比轧制出不同组合的低温聚合物导电银浆.将银浆固化在PET膜片上,用扫描电镜表征银浆固化后的表面及断面形貌,并主要对导电膜层导电性能、附着力进行检测.结果表明:在一定导电相含量范围内,含量≤4％片状镍粉的加入不影响银浆的导电性能,同时降低...     

从土压平衡盾构设计角度对地表沉降控制的一些思考

为了解决土压平衡盾构在施工中的地表沉降问题,分别针对软土和砂卵石地层进行分析,从盾构设计角度提出一些地表沉降控制的有效措施,如加大刀盘开口率、配置足够驱动能力等措施,列举北京地铁十号线十二标的成功案例。认为应加强施工管理,多方面避免地表沉降的产生,最大限度地保证地铁施工的安全。     

质子交换膜燃料电池铂基催化剂技术发展

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)是未来氢能时代重要的发电方式,铂基催化剂技术是商业生产质子交换膜燃料电池的核心.本文阐述了铂基催化剂的衰减机制,主要从碳载体处理和铂合金化两个方面对催化性能的影响进行简要论述,为后续对催化剂的开发提供更好的理论指导.