基于模型参考自适应的电动车用内置式永磁同步电机电感参数辨识技术研究

内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)由于其优良的转矩特性和宽广的调速范围而广泛运用于电动汽车电驱系统。与表贴式永磁同步电机(SMPSM)不同,IPMSM转子具有强烈的凸极效应。因此其控制方式相较表贴式更为复杂,需要更加精确的电机数学模型。但是由于饱和效应和交叉耦合,电感参数会随运行工况变化而发生变化,从而影响系统控制精度,所以能够实时掌握内置式永磁同步电机电感参数是非常重要的。本文采用模型参考自适应算法(MRAS)实现IPMSM电感参数在线辨识,运用Runge Kutta离散化方法建立可调模型,依据Popov超稳定性定理推导出自适应律。仿真结果表明,采用MRAS的在线参数辨识算法可以准确、实时地辨识出IPMSM的交、直轴电感。     

100%低地板轻轨车发展与模式

从车辆的编组形式和结构形式、转向架和车端连接装置的选择、车辆运行技术条件等方面具体阐述100%低地板轻轨车的技术特征和国内外发展现状。通过对比分析,提出适合我国现阶段规模化使用的的车辆型式,并探讨了运用在100%低地板轻轨车上的相关新技术,为我国未来自主研发、设计适合国内不同城市需求的100%低地板轻轨车提供参考。     

基于模糊推理的换车道模型

微观交通仿真在交通系统分析和管理方面是1种安全、有效的工具。在交通微观仿真中,用变换车道表现驾驶员行为是1个非常重要的方面;然而,以往的许多换车道模型并没有考虑驾驶员行为的不确定性和认知性。文中利用模糊推理来表现这种不确定性和认知性,从而使换车道行为更加符合现实。通过实际观察数据与模糊推理的微观仿真模拟的结果比较,表明该模型是可行的,有效的。     

高速铁路受电弓-接触网系统的主要关键技术

针对弓网匹配、主动控制受电弓等主要问题和高速铁路接触悬挂方式的比选、接触悬挂转换过渡、定位装置等接触网关键技术,从系统工程的角度出发,分析弓网系统不同结构或设计方式的背景,提出采用某种结构方式或设计技术的前提条件和注意事项。     

Effects of land-use transport scenarios on travel patterns: a multi-state supernetwork application

Understanding travellers’ response is essential to address policy questions arising from spatial and transport planning sectors. This paper demonstrates the usefulness of the multi-state supernetwork approach to investigate the effects of land-use transport scenarios on individuals’ travel patterns. In particular, it illustrates that multi-state supernetworks are capable of representing activity-travel patterns at a high level of detail, including the choice of mode, route, parking and activity location. Multi-faceted activity-travel preferences can be accommodated in supernetworks. Using a micro-simulation approach, the adaptation of individuals’ travel patterns to policies can be readily captured. The illustration concerns hypothetical land-use and transport scenarios for the city of Rotterdam (The Netherlands), focusing on accessibility changes, modal substitution and shift in the use of transport and location facilities.     

内燃机曲轴轴承的润滑状态计算分析

提出分析计算曲轴轴承润滑状态较为精确的方法。介绍了改进的轴心轴迹计算程序的计算模型、原理及方法，并应用该程序对１６２４０柴油机的曲轴轴承进行分析计算。计算结果表明，所得的结果比较精确。     

铅酸蓄电池电动车充电过程起火机理探析

根据各大新闻媒体的报道中可以得知,近些年电动车失火的新闻不断,究其主要原因是因为电动车常用的铅酸蓄电池在充电过程中有一定概率会引起火灾.本文将在接下来的文章中从铅蓄电池的工作原理角度出发,分析铅酸蓄电池最易发生火灾的诱因和环境,从根本上分析铅蓄电池发生火灾的各种原因和火灾机理,并提出相应的防范铅酸蓄电池起火的科学方法和...     

Joint travel problem in space–time multi-state supernetworks

Joint travel problem (JTP) is an extension of the classic shortest path problem and relevant to shared mobility. A pioneering endeavor via supernetwork framework has been put forward to model two-person JTP. However, it was only addressed in the static context and with the assumption of zero waiting disutility, which resulted in no or weak synchronization among the travelers. This paper proposes a space–time multi-state supernetwork framework to address JTP for conducting one joint activity in the time-dependent context. Space–time synchronization and various choice facets related to joint travel are captured systematically. Two-person JTP is first discussed in a uni-modal transport network, and further extended to incorporate multi-modal and multi-person respectively. Stage-wise recursive formulations are proposed to find the optimal joint paths. It is found that JTP is a variant of Steiner tree problem by reduction and the number of meeting/departing points has no impact on the run-time complexity in space–time multi-state supernetworks.

     

A reference-dependent user equilibrium model for activity-travel scheduling

Existing user equilibrium models of activity-travel scheduling generally fall short in representing travelers’ decision-making processes. The majority have either implicitly or explicitly assumed that travelers follow the principle of utility maximization. This assumption ignores the fact that individuals may be loss–averse when making activity-travel decisions. Allowing for the situation that travelers possess accurate information of the urban-transportation system due to modern technologies, studies on reference-dependent decision-making under near-perfect information are receiving increasing attention. In view of traveler heterogeneity, individuals can be divided into multiple classes according to their reference points. In this paper, we propose a reference-dependent multi-class user equilibrium model for activity-travel scheduling, which can be reformulated as a variational inequality problem. Moreover, comparative analyses are conducted on the equilibrium states between utility-maximization (no reference) and reference-dependency of exogenous and endogenous references. A numerical example regarding combined departure-time and mode choice for commuting is conducted to illustrate the proposed model. The simulated results indicate that reference points and loss aversion attitudes have significant effects on the choice of departure time and mode.     

恶劣工况下货车高摩合成闸瓦磨损分析

采用热-结构顺序耦合法对货车用高摩合成闸瓦在不同工况下的紧急制动和长大坡道调速制动进行仿真分析,并结合相关标准判定闸瓦是否满足制动要求;对相同工况下不同磨耗程度的闸瓦温度场进行曲线拟合,计算闸瓦在不同工况下的磨耗量.结果表明,仿真较真实地反映了整个制动过程中闸瓦的瞬态温度和应力变化情况、拟合曲线和原曲线具有较高的重合度、工况越恶劣闸瓦每万公里的磨耗量就越大,最大值达到21 mm/万km.