Socioeconomic and usage characteristics of transportation network company (TNC) riders

Transportation - The widespread adoption of smartphones followed by an emergence of transportation network companies (TNC) have influenced the way individuals travel. The authors use the 2017...     

新型明桥面轨枕板式无砟轨道结构参数研究

钢桁梁桥由于其承载性能好和跨越能力较强等优点,在大跨度铁路桥梁中被广泛采用。但大跨度钢桁梁桥具有跨中挠度大、梁端转角大和温度变形敏感等特点,为了减小大跨度钢桁梁桥二期恒载、适应桥梁变形特性,在大跨度钢桁梁桥上采用新型明桥面轨枕板式无砟轨道结构。以南沙港铁路某大跨度钢桁梁桥铺设新型明桥面轨枕板式轨道为背景,采用有限元法建立大跨度钢桁梁桥上轨枕板式无砟轨道结构计算模型,研究了轨枕板结构参数对轨道受力与变形的影响,确定轨道结构的合理尺寸与参数。结果表明:轨枕板的外形尺寸直接影响其受力和变形特征;板下垫层的厚度对垫层的受力特性的影响较大;建议南沙港铁路某大跨度钢桁梁桥上采用具有2组承轨台、宽度为2800 mm的轨枕板,轨枕板厚度为280 mm,板下垫层厚度为120 mm。     

专业力量齐发力 复工复产有实招——北海航海保障中心抗疫情保复工侧记

疫情阻击战到了最关键的阶段,保复工、稳发展迫在眉睫。北海航海保障中心(简称“中心”)主动作为,有效履职,积极加强与属地海事、引航、气象、港口等单位的协调沟通,针对辖区LNG、煤炭能源运输提供定制化优先服务,保障各类导助航设施、系统平稳正常运行。新冠肺炎疫情期间,共计为辖区1.7万余艘次船舶航行和13.5万人次旅客安全运送提供了及时、高效的航海保障服务。     

基于AHP-TOPSIS的山区低等级公路路面破损评价方法

以山区低等级公路路面为研究对象,依据不同种类路面的破损危害性不同,拟在公路路面评价中提出路面破损指数概念,对山区低等级公路路面破损程度进行综合评价。所用模型是利用层次分析法(AHP)对不同种类的路面损毁危害性进行赋权,并利用逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)计算山区低等级公路路面破损程度与最优情况的贴近度,进而将山区低等级公路路面破损情况转化成区间为[0,1]的路面破损指数,其中路面破损指数越大表示路面的破损程度越高。此模型方法简单,能够运用少量数据对山区低等级公路路面的破损程度进行定量评价,可为山区公路的养护工作提供更准确的数据参照。     

Maritime education in cross cultural settings

Cross-cultural interaction is growing in our global economy. Expanding maritime trade in ports around the world reinforces the need for standardized training and education to cope with new global technologies and logistics systems. Working, studying and interacting in cross-cultural settings can lead to problems of misunderstandings and misinterpretations among people having different worldviews.     

新型船用吸声材料泡沫铝

扼要介绍了用熔体发泡法制造泡沫铝的制造过程 ,泡沫铝孔径为 2～ 7mm,孔隙率为 80 %～ 90 % ,最大制品尺寸为 60 0 m× 60 0 mm× (8～ 40 0 ) mm。重点研究了泡沫铝的吸声性能、热学性能、阻尼性能、机械性能、吸湿性能及无毒性能。结果表明 ,泡沫铝是一种综合性能良好的新型吸声材料。平均吸声系数可达 0 .4～ 0 .5 2 ,且随孔径的减小 ,孔隙率、厚度的增大 ,吸声性能提高。压缩加工对泡沫铝的吸声性能有很大影响 ,压缩率为 40 %时 ,吸声性能最好。泡沫铝导热系数仅为未发泡铝的 1 /60 0 ,远远低于大理石 ,也低于石棉板 ;耐火温度可达 80 0℃。其内耗比致密铝高 3～ 7倍 ,比高阻尼 Zn-Al合金高 2～ 4倍。其强度为几个 MPa数量级。它不吸湿 ,吸湿率为 0 .0 % ,无毒性。     

基于B/S的高校专业技术干部考评系统研究

介绍一种基于B／S的高校专业技术干部考评系统的的实现方案，该方案包括系统的设计原则、系统网络结构、系统主要功能和实现系统的关键技术。     

Patterns in diversity and community structure of epipelagic copepods from the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area, south-western Atlantic

Diversity and structure of epipelagic copepod communities were investigated using 70 zooplankton samples collected from the top 50 m of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area between 35° and 55°S. Biogeographic patterns were investigated using multivariate analysis. Biodiversity patterns were examined using different univariate indexes. Representatives of 35 species of copepods from 23 genera and 13 families were found. Two zones were delimited based on their copepod composition, one in the subtropical waters of the Brazil current, and the other in the subantarctic waters of the Malvinas current. Both environments displayed contrasting patterns of biodiversity depending upon which element is measured (regional species richness as well as mean point species richness were significantly higher in the subtropical group of stations, whereas taxonomic distinctness was significantly higher in the subantarctic community). Based on these contrasting results, we suggest the use of both kind of indexes when defining priority areas for conservation.     

Young drivers and graduated licensing: The Ontario case

Despite improvements in road safety over the past several decades, accident rates remain high for young drivers. One accident countermeasure that is expected to improve the safety record of this group is graduated licensing. The philosophy behind this licensing system is that novice drivers, of whom the majority are young, should be restricted to relatively safe driving environments during the initial learning period. Graduated licensing was implemented in the Province of Ontario, Canada in 1994. The objective of this study is to estimate the potential benefits and costs for young drivers associated with two components of the Ontario graduated licensing package: the late-night driving curfew and the high-speed roadway restrictions. Based on accident and travel data for the year 1988, accident-involvement rates per kilometre driven were calculated for different driver groups for various combinations of time of day and roadway speed limit. These rates were then applied to the expected mobility profiles of young drivers affected by graduated licensing. The results of the study support the late-night curfew and suggest that this component of the licensing package should reduce total accident involvements for the affected group by up to 10 percent and fatal accident involvements by up to 24 percent, while reducing their total driving by only four percent. By contrast, the empirical evidence suggest that the high-speed roadway restrictions are likely to increase accident involvements, and thus it is strongly recommended that this component of Ontario's graduated licensing package be changed.     

Transit assignment under crowded conditions

This paper presents a transit assignment algorithm for crowded networks. Both congestion in vehicles and queuing at stations are explicitly taken into account in predicting passenger flows for a fixed pattern of origin-destination trip demands. The overflow effects due to insufficient capacity of transit lines are considered to be concentrated at transit stations, while the in-vehicle congestion effects (or discomforts) are considered to be dependent on in-vehicle passenger volume. Overflow delay at a transit station is dependent on the number of excess passengers required to wait for the next transit car. We use a logit model to determine the split between passengers that chose to wait for the next transit car and passengers that chose to board on the alternative transit lines. The proposed algorithm predicts how passenger will choose their optimal routes under both queuing and crowded conditions.