S^2 BHCA Multiple AUVs cooperation oriented control architecture

Oceanographic survey, or other similar applications should be the applications of multiple AUVs. In this paper, the skill ＆ simulation based hybrid control architecture （S^2BHCA） as the controller＇s design reference was proposed. It is a multi-robot cooperation oriented intelligent control architecture based on hybrid ideas. The S^2BHCA attempts to incorporate the virtues of the reactive controller and of the deliberative controller by introducing the concept of the ＂skill＂. The additional online task simulation ability for cooperation is supported, too. As an application, a multiple AUV control system was developed with three ＂skills＂ for the MCM mission including two different cooperative tasks. The simulation and the sea trials show that simple task expression, fast reaction and better cooperation support can be achieved by realizing the AUV controller based on the S^2BHCA.     

第三方物流企业怎样融入全球供应链

全球供应链管理理念的引进使人们认识到,从产品设计、原材料或部件采购,工厂内部的生产计划及流程组织,到市场营销、产品分拨配送直至产品送达最终用户,整个供应链中存在着相当大的整合空间.这是一个十分巨大的系统工程,它涉及到集中采购、集中营销控制、集中库存管理及分拨配送等整个管理构架,同时也涉及到跨地区的法律、法规、标准化等一系列问题.     

后张法预应力双线整孔箱梁的预制技术研究

从布置制梁台位入手,探讨了钢筋弯制、预应力孔道定位、梁体混凝土的灌筑与养护、张拉工艺等预应力混凝土箱形梁的制造工艺。介绍了预制梁的静载试验方法并小结了箱梁预制的一些体会。     

Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

Dynamic Simulation of a Smart Crank and Slider Mechanism

In this paper, a smart crank and slider mechanism is analyzed mostly from a dynamic view. By means of dynamic explicit finite element method, 3D nonlinear structure is simulated. It is proved that the mechanism can effectively accomplish smart movement prescribed. And in order to ensure reciprocal movement with higher frequency, measures should be taken to avoid over heating of parts. Compared with internal energy, kinetic energy of total rigid body is dominating, and Y direction equivalent rigid velocity is much higher than X direction velocity. Equivalent rigid velocity of all parts is consistent with respective movement condition. For both energy and velocity, slider effect is dominating. Three direction equivalent inertia force oscillates. Force amplitude in Y -direction is comparitively the greatest.     

Maritime accident investigation and temporal determinants of maritime accidents: A case study

This paper presents the results of an investigation into temporal determinants of maritime accidents based on a data-set obtained from the proceedings of formal inquiries in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR). The results show that there is no statistically significant outcome between the probability for an accident and the time of watch. Thus the results do not confirm previous studies, which reported significant time of day effects.The outcome of this study indicates that marine inquiries can provide useful data for an analysis of underlying causes of maritime accidents. It is suggested that accident inquiries should be extended into the area of watch systems employed and should record the hours of work and of rest of the officers on the watch involved in a maritime accident.     

The role of professional associations in shipping

This article is in three parts. The first covers the historical development of qualifying associations. The second covers the particular role of maritime institutions that include The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, The Institute of Marine Engineering Science and Technology and The Nautical Institute. The third and final section considers the future for maritime professional associations in the context of international shipping.     

琼州海峡铁路轮渡栈桥升降设备设计

琼州海峡铁路轮渡是我国第一处跨海铁路轮渡,其栈桥长89 m,分为3跨。该栈桥升降设备采用液压传动方案,运用耐腐蚀陶瓷镀层活塞杆、C IMS位移自动测量装置等先进的液压、自动控制技术。论述升降设备的方案选定、主要参数选择,介绍总体布置、液压和电气控制等设备的设计。     

A review of the Effect of α/W ratio on fracture toughness （Ⅱ） experimental investigation in LEFM

In part I of this series, experimental investigation in EPFM （elastic-plastic fracture mechanics） had been discussed. In this paper, experimental investigation in LEFM （ linear elastic fracture mechanics） is given. Fracture toughness tests had been carried out on three different strength steels, using both through-cracked specimens with different α/W ratio and semi-elliptical cracked specimens with variable crack size and shape. Results show that the fracture toughness KIC increases with decreasing α/W when α/W 〈 0.3 for three-point-bend specimens, and that for α/W 〉 0.3, it is independent of α/W. Shallow crack specimens, both through-cracked and surface-cracked, gave markedly higher values than deeply notched specimens. However, the effect of crack shape on fracture toughness is negligible. Results also show that the LEFM approach to fracture is not tenable for design stresses where αc is often very small, far less than 2.5 （ KIC/σy）^2.     

空气湿度对地铁车轮磨耗的影响及机理研究

车轮磨耗影响着地铁的运营安全和运营成本。目前,关于车轮磨耗的研究多集中于轴重、轮轨接触状态等因素的影响,考虑空气湿度影响的研究较少。通过对某城市地铁进行了长期监测,对每月的车轮平均磨耗量及空气相对湿度进行了统计分析,得出了车轮磨耗量随空气湿度增加而降低的规律;并结合已有试验数据,对这一规律进行了验证。对空气湿度影响车轮磨耗的机理进行了探讨,发现在气温未达到露点温度时,湿度主要影响轮轨接触表面的粗糙度、硬度以及氧化膜的形成;在气温达到露点温度之后,轮轨表面将会形成水膜,这将会降低轮轨间摩擦系数,降低车轮的磨耗量。